2019-02-03

Elizabeth Warren - Wikipedia



Elizabeth Warren - Wikipedia


Elizabeth Warren
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For other people named Elizabeth Warren, see Elizabeth Warren (disambiguation).

Elizabeth Warren


United States Senator
from Massachusetts

Incumbent
Assumed office
January 3, 2013
Serving with Ed Markey
Preceded by Scott Brown
Vice Chair of the Senate Democratic Caucus

Incumbent
Assumed office
January 3, 2017
Serving with Mark Warner
Leader Chuck Schumer
Preceded by Chuck Schumer
Special Advisor for the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
In office
September 17, 2010 – August 1, 2011
President Barack Obama
Preceded by Position established
Succeeded by Raj Date
Chair of the Congressional Oversight Panel
In office
November 25, 2008 – November 15, 2010
Deputy Damon Silvers
Preceded by Position established
Succeeded by Ted Kaufman
Personal details
Born
Elizabeth Ann Herring
June 22, 1949 (age 69)
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, U.S.
Political party Democratic (1996–present)
Other political
affiliations Republican (before 1996)[1]
Spouse(s)
Jim Warren
(m. 1968; div. 1978)

Bruce H. Mann (m. 1980)
Children 2
Residence Cambridge, Massachusetts
Education George Washington University
University of Houston (BS)
Rutgers Law School (JD)
Signature
Website Senate website


This article is part of a series about
Elizabeth Warren


Political positions

U.S. Senator from Massachusetts
2012 election
2018 campaign

Early political involvement
Special Advisor for the CFPB
Chair of the Congressional Oversight Panel


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Elizabeth Ann Warren (née Herring, born June 22, 1949) is an American politician and academic serving as the senior United States Senator from Massachusetts since 2013. Warren was formerly a prominent scholar specializing in bankruptcy law.

Warren was born and raised in a middle class family in Oklahoma. She is a graduate of the University of Houston and Rutgers Law School. Her career as an academic focused on bankruptcy law, where she focused primarily on empiric decision-making of the public following legal changes. Warren taught at several law schools, including the University of Houston, the University of Texas at Austin, the University of Pennsylvania, and Harvard University.

Warren's initial foray into public policy began with opposing what eventually became a 2005 act restricting bankruptcy access for individuals. Warren saw her profile rise in the late 2000s for her forceful stances in favor of more stringent regulations following the 2007–2008 financial crisis. She served as chair of the Congressional Oversight Panel of the Troubled Asset Relief Program and was instrumental in the creation of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), for which she served as the first Special Advisor.

Unable to surmount Republican opposition to become the Director the CFPB, Warren instead challenged and defeated Republican incumbent Senator Scott Brown of Massachusetts in 2012. She was the keynote speaker of the 2016 Democratic National Convention and became Vice Chair of the Senate Democratic Caucus the following year. A noted progressive leader, Warren has focused on consumer protection, economic opportunity, and the social safety net while in the Senate. Following her reelection to the Senate in 2018, Warren announced the formation of an exploratory committee for her campaign in the 2020 presidential election.


Contents
1Early life, education, and family
2Career
2.1Academic
2.2Advisory roles
2.3TARP oversight
2.4Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
2.5Political affiliation

9Books and other works
9.1Publications
10See also
11Notes
12References
13Further reading
14External links
Early life, education, and family

Warren was born Elizabeth Ann Herring in Oklahoma City on June 22, 1949,[2][3][4][5]the fourth child of middle-class parents Pauline (née Reed, 1912–1995) and Donald Jones Herring (1911–1997). Warren has described her family as teetering "on the ragged edge of the middle class" and "kind of hanging on at the edges by our fingernails".[6][7] She had three older brothers and was raised as a Methodist.[8][9]

Warren's "A minimum-wage job saved my family" (3:28)

Warren lived in Norman until she was 11 years old, when the family moved to Oklahoma City.[7] When she was 12, her father, a salesman at Montgomery Ward,[7]had a heart attack, which led to many medical bills as well as a pay cut because he could not do his previous work.[4] Eventually, their car was repossessed because they failed to make loan payments. To help the family finances, her mother found work in the catalog order department at Sears.[4]When she was 13, Warren started waiting tables at her aunt's restaurant.[10][11]

Warren became a star member of the debate team at Northwest Classen High Schooland won the state high school debating championship. She also won a debate scholarship to George Washington University (GWU) at the age of 16.[4] She initially aspired to be a teacher, but left GWU after two years in 1968 to marry Jim Warren, whom she met in high school.[10][4][12][5]

Elizabeth Warren and her husband moved to Houston, where he was employed by IBM.[4][13] She enrolled in the University of Houston and graduated in 1970 with a Bachelor of Science degree in speech pathology and audiology.[14][15][16] For a year, she taught children with disabilities who were enrolled in a public school. Her qualifications were based on an "emergency certificate", because she had not taken the education courses that were required for a regular teaching certificate.[17][18][19]

The Warrens moved to New Jersey when Jim received a job transfer. She soon became pregnant and decided to remain at home to care for their child.[20] After their daughter turned two, Warren enrolled in Rutgers Law School at Rutgers University–Newark.[20] She worked as a summer associate at Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft. Shortly before graduating in 1976, Warren became pregnant with their second child. After she received her J.D. and passed the bar examination, she decided to perform legal services from home; she wrote wills and did real estate closings.[12][20]

The couple had two children, Amelia and Alexander, before they divorced in 1978.[4][21] Two years later, Warren married Bruce H. Mann, a law professor, but she decided to retain the surname of her first husband.[21][22] She also has grandchildren.[23]

Warren, who first claimed Cherokee ancestry in 1984,[24] has said that as a child she was told by older family members that she had Native American ancestry, and that "being Native American has been part of my story, I guess, since the day I was born".[25] Warren was criticized in 2012 for having listed herself as a minority in a directory for Harvard Law School. Opponents said Warren falsified her heritage to advance her career through minority quotas. Warren denied these allegations, and several colleagues and employers (including Harvard) have said her reported ethnic status played no role in her hiring.[26][27] An investigation by The Boston Globe in 2018 found "clear evidence, in documents and interviews, that her claim to Native American ethnicity was never considered by the Harvard Law faculty, which voted resoundingly to hire her, or by those who hired her to four prior positions at other law schools."[28]

Following a challenge by President Donald Trump to pay $1 million to her favorite charity if she could prove her Native American ancestry via a DNA test, Warren released results of a DNA test in 2018.[29] It concluded that "while the vast majority of [Warren's] ancestry is European, the results strongly support the existence of an unadmixed Native American ancestor in [her] pedigree, likely in the range of 6–10 generations ago."[30] The use of DNA to determine Native American heritage has been criticized by the Cherokee Nation as "inappropriate and wrong".[27][31] During a 2019 public appearance in Sioux City, Iowa, Warren was asked by an attendee, "Why did you undergo the DNA testing and give Donald more fodder to be a bully?" Warren responded, "I am not a person of color; I am not a citizen of a tribe. Tribal citizenship is very different from ancestry. Tribes, and only tribes, determine tribal citizenship, and I respect that difference."[32] Warren later reached out to leadership of the Cherokee Nation to apologize to the tribe, and Cherokee Nation executive director of communications Julie Hubbard stated that Warren understands "that being a Cherokee Nation tribal citizen is rooted in centuries of culture and laws not through DNA tests".[33]
Career

Warren discussing the work of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau at the ICBA conference in 2011

During the late 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s, Warren taught law at several universities throughout the country while researching issues related to bankruptcy and middle-class personal finance.[20]She became involved with public work in bankruptcy regulation and consumer protection in the mid-1990s.
Academic

Warren started her academic career as a lecturer at Rutgers University, Newark School of Law (1977–78). She moved to the University of Houston Law Center(1978–83), where she became Associate Dean for Academic Affairs in 1980, and obtained tenure in 1981. She taught at the University of Texas School of Law as visiting associate professor in 1981, and returned as a full professor two years later (staying 1983–87). In addition, she was a visiting professor at the University of Michigan (1985) and research associate at the Population Research Center of the University of Texas at Austin (1983–87).[34] During this period, Warren taught Sunday school.[35][36] Early in her career, Warren became a proponent of on-the-ground research based on studying how people actually respond to laws in the real world. Her work analyzing court records, and interviewing judges, lawyers, and debtors, established her as a rising star in the field of bankruptcy law.[37] One of her key insights, according to Warren and economists who follow her work, was that rising bankruptcy rates weren't caused by prolifigate consumer spending, but by the attempts of middle-class families to buy homes in good school districts.[38]

Warren joined the University of Pennsylvania Law School as a full professor in 1987 and obtained an endowed chair in 1990 (becoming William A Schnader Professor of Commercial Law). She taught for a year at Harvard Law School in 1992 as Robert Braucher Visiting Professor of Commercial Law. In 1995, Warren left Penn to become Leo Gottlieb Professor of Law at Harvard Law School.[34] As of 2011, she was the only tenured law professor at Harvard who had attended law school at an American public university.[37] Warren was a highly influential law professor. Although she published in many fields, her expertise was in bankruptcy and commercial law. In that field, only Bob Scott of Columbia and Alan Schwartz of Yale were cited more often than Warren.[39][40]
Advisory roles

In 1995, Warren was asked to advise the National Bankruptcy Review Commission.[41] She helped to draft the commission's report and worked for several years to oppose legislation intended to severely restrict the right of consumers to file for bankruptcy. Warren and others opposing the legislation were not successful; in 2005 Congress passed the Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act of 2005, which curtailed the ability of consumers to file for bankruptcy.[42][43]

From November 2006 to November 2010, Warren was a member of the FDICAdvisory Committee on Economic Inclusion.[44] She is a member of the National Bankruptcy Conference, an independent organization that advises the U.S. Congress on bankruptcy law.[45] She is a former vice president of the American Law Instituteand a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.[46]

Warren's scholarship and public advocacy combined to act as the impetus for the establishment of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau in 2011.[47]
TARP oversight

Warren stands next to President Barack Obama as he announces the nomination of Richard Cordray as the first director of the CFPB, July 2011.

On November 14, 2008, Warren was appointed by U.S. Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid to chair the five-member Congressional Oversight Panel created to oversee the implementation of the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act.[48] The Panel released monthly oversight reports evaluating the government bailout and related programs.[49]During Warren's tenure, these reports covered foreclosure mitigation; consumer and small business lending; commercial real estate; AIG; bank stress tests; the impact of the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) on the financial markets; government guarantees; the automotive industry; and other topics.[a]

Consumer Financial Protection Bureau

Warren was an early advocate for the creation of a new Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB). The bureau was established by the Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act signed into law by President Obama in July 2010. In September 2010, President Obama named Warren Assistant to the President and Special Advisor to the Secretary of the Treasury on the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau to set up the new agency.[50] While liberal groups and consumer advocacy groups pushed for Obama to formally nominate Warren as the agency's director, Warren was strongly opposed by financial institutions and by Republican members of Congress who believed Warren would be an overly zealous regulator.[51][52][53] Reportedly convinced that Warren could not win Senate confirmation as the bureau's first director,[54] Obama turned to former Ohio Attorney General Richard Cordray and in January 2012, over the objections of Republican senators, appointed Cordray to the post in a recess appointment.[55][56]

Political affiliation

Warren was registered as a Republican from 1991 to 1996.[1] Warren voted as a Republican for many years, saying, "I was a Republican because I thought that those were the people who best supported markets".[4] According to Warren, she began to vote Democratic in 1995 because she no longer believed that to be true, but she states that she has voted for both parties because she believed that neither partyshould dominate.[57] According to her, the Republican Party was no longer "principled in its conservative approach to economics and to markets" and was instead tilting the playing in favor of big financial institutions and against "middle class American families."[58][59]

U.S. Senate

2012 Senate election results by municipality
2012 election
Main article: United States Senate election in Massachusetts, 2012

On September 14, 2011, Warren declared her intention to run for the Democratic nomination for the 2012 election in Massachusetts for the U.S. Senate. The seat had been won by Republican Scott Brown in a 2010 special election after the death of Ted Kennedy.[60][61] A week later, a video of Warren speaking in Andover became a viral video on the Internet.[62] In it, Warren replies to the charge that asking the rich to pay more taxes is "class warfare", pointing out that no one grew rich in the U.S. without depending on infrastructure paid for by the rest of society, stating:[63][64]


There is nobody in this country who got rich on his own. Nobody. ... You moved your goods to market on the roads the rest of us paid for; you hired workers the rest of us paid to educate; you were safe in your factory because of police forces and fire forces that the rest of us paid for. You didn't have to worry that marauding bands would come and seize everything at your factory, and hire someone to protect against this, because of the work the rest of us did. Now look, you built a factory and it turned into something terrific, or a great idea. God bless. Keep a big hunk of it. But part of the underlying social contract is, you take a hunk of that and pay forward for the next kid who comes along.

President Barack Obama later echoed her sentiments in a 2012 election campaign speech.[65]

Warren at a campaign event, November 2012

Warren ran unopposed for the Democratic nomination and won it on June 2, 2012, at the state Democratic convention with a record 95.77% of the votes of delegates.[66][67][68] She encountered significant opposition from business interests. In August the political director for the U.S. Chamber of Commerce claimed that "no other candidate in 2012 represents a greater threat to free enterprise than Professor Warren".[69] She nonetheless raised $39 million for her campaign, the most of any Senate candidate in 2012, and showed, according to The New York Times, "that it was possible to run against the big banks without Wall Street money and still win".[54]

Warren received a prime-time speaking slot at the 2012 Democratic National Convention on September 5, 2012. She positioned herself as a champion of a beleaguered middle class that "has been chipped, squeezed, and hammered". According to Warren, "People feel like the system is rigged against them. And here's the painful part: They're right. The system is rigged." Warren said Wall Street CEOs "wrecked our economy and destroyed millions of jobs" and that they "still strut around congress, no shame, demanding favors, and acting like we should thank them".[70][71][72]
Tenure

Warren attending the swearing in of Senator Mo Cowan in the Old Senate Chamber

On November 6, 2012, Warren defeated incumbent Scott Brown with a total of 53.7% of the votes. She is the first woman ever elected to the U.S. Senate from Massachusetts,[2] as part of a sitting U.S. Senate that had 20 female senators in office, the largest female U.S. Senate delegation in history, following the November 2012 elections. In December 2012, Warren was assigned a seat on the Senate Banking Committee, the committee that oversees the implementation of Dodd–Frank and other regulation of the banking industry.[73]Warren was sworn in by Vice President Joe Biden on January 3, 2013.[74]

At Warren's first Banking Committee hearing in February 2013, she pressed several banking regulators to answer when they had last taken a Wall Street bank to trial and stated, "I'm really concerned that 'too big to fail' has become 'too big for trial'." Videos of Warren's questioning became popular on the Internet, amassing more than one million views in a matter of days.[75] At a Banking Committee hearing in March, Warren asked Treasury Department officials why criminal charges were not brought against HSBC for its money laundering practices. With her questions being continually dodged, Warren compared money laundering to drug possession, saying: "If you're caught with an ounce of cocaine, the chances are good you're going to go to jail ... But evidently, if you launder nearly a billion dollars for drug cartels and violate our international sanctions, your company pays a fine and you go home and sleep in your own bed at night."[76]

In May 2013, Warren sent letters to the Justice Department, Securities and Exchange Commission, and the Federal Reserve, questioning their decisions that settling rather than going to court would be more fruitful.[77] Also in May, suggesting that students should get "the same great deal that banks get", Warren introduced the Bank on Student Loans Fairness Act, which would allow students to take out government education loans at the same rate that banks pay to borrow from the federal government, 0.75%.,[78] Independent Senator Bernie Sanders endorsed her bill saying: "The only thing wrong with this bill is that [she] thought of it and I didn't".[79]

During the 2014 election cycle, Warren was a top Democratic fundraiser. Following the election, Warren was appointed to become the first-ever Strategic Adviser of the Democratic Policy and Communications Committee, a position that was created just for her. The appointment further added to speculation about a possible presidential run by Warren in 2016.[80][81][82][83]

Saying "despite the progress we've made since 2008, the biggest banks continue to threaten our economy", in July 2015 Senator Warren, along with John McCain (R-AZ), Maria Cantwell (D-WA), and Angus King (I-ME) re-introduced the 21st Century Glass-Steagall Act, a modern version of the Banking Act of 1933. The legislation is intended to reduce the risk for the American taxpayer in the financial system and decrease the likelihood of future financial crises.[84]

In a September 20, 2016, hearing, Warren called for the CEO of Wells Fargo, John Stumpf, to resign, adding that he should be "criminally investigated" over Wells Fargo's opening of two million checking and credit-card accounts without the consent of their customers under his tenure.[85][86]

In December 2016, Warren gained a seat on the Senate Armed Services Committee, termed by The Boston Globe to be "a high-profile perch on one of the chamber's most powerful committees", which the Globe said would "fuel speculation about a possible 2020 bid for president".[87]

During the debate on the nomination of Senator Jeff Sessions for United States Attorney General in February 2017, Warren quoted a letter Coretta Scott King had written to Senator Strom Thurmond in 1986 when Sessions had been nominated for a federal judgeship.[88] King wrote, "Mr. Sessions has used the awesome power of his office to chill the free exercise of the vote by black citizens in the district he now seeks to serve as a federal judge. This simply cannot be allowed to happen."[88]Republicans in the Senate voted that by reading the letter from King, Warren had violated Senate rule 19, which prohibits impugning the character of another senator.[88] This action prohibited Warren from further participating in the debate on Sessions' nomination for, and Warren instead read King's letter while streaming live on the Internet.[89][90] As part of the rebuke of Warren, Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell said of Warren from the Senate floor, "She was warned. She was given an explanation. Nevertheless, she persisted."[90] McConnell's language became a slogan for Warren and others.[90][91]

On October 3, 2017, Warren called for Wells Fargo's chief executive, Tim Sloan, to resign during his appearance before the Senate Banking Committee, saying, "At best you were incompetent, at worst you were complicit".[92]
Committee assignments
Committee on Armed Services
Subcommittee on Airland
Subcommittee on Personnel
Subcommittee on Strategic Forces
Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs
Subcommittee on Economic Policy
Subcommittee on Financial Institutions and Consumer Protection (ranking member)
Subcommittee on Securities, Insurance, and Investment
Committee on Health, Education, Labor and Pensions
Subcommittee on Primary Health and Retirement Security
Special Committee on Aging
Political positions
Main article: Political positions of Elizabeth Warren

Warren is known for her progressive politics and her populist views on the economy.[93] According to the UK magazine New Statesman, she is among the "top 20 US progressives".[94]

In December 2016, Warren announced plans to introduce a bill to address President-elect Donald Trump's perceived conflicts of interest related to his business empire. Under her proposed bill, Donald Trump could face impeachment if he fails to declare conflicts of interest between his presidential role and his business interests. Warren states, "The only way for President-elect Trump to truly eliminate conflicts-of-interest is to divest his financial interests and place them in a blind trust. This has been the standard for previous presidents, and our bill makes clear the continuing expectation that President-elect Trump do the same."[95] On January 9, 2017, the Presidential Conflicts of Interest Act, was first read in the Senate.[96]

In November 2018, Warren said she will not vote for Trump's United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) saying, "It won't stop outsourcing, it won't raise wages, and it won't create jobs. It's NAFTA 2.0." She also believes that it will make it harder to reduce drug prices because it will allow drug companies to lock in the prices they are currently charging for many drugs.[97]

In 2018, Warren had called for the abolition of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement.[98]

In January 2019, Warren criticized President Donald Trump's announcement of his decision to withdraw U.S. troops from Syria and Afghanistan. Although she agreed that US troops should be withdrawn from Syria and Afghanistan, she said such withdrawals should be part of a "coordinated" plan formed with US allies.[99]
2018 election
Main article: United States Senate election in Massachusetts, 2018

On January 6, 2017, in an email to supporters, Warren announced that she would be running for a second term as a U.S. Senator from Massachusetts. She wrote in the e-mail, "The people of Massachusetts didn't send me to Washington to roll over and play dead while Donald Trump and his team of billionaires, bigots, and Wall Street bankers crush the working people of our Commonwealth and this country. ... This is no time to quit."[100]

The Senate election in Massachusetts took place on November 6, 2018. Warren defeated her Republican opponent, Geoff Diehl by a 60% to 36% margin.
2016 presidential and vice presidential speculation

Warren stumps for Hillary Clinton in Manchester, New Hampshire, October 2016

In the runup to the 2016 U.S. presidential election, Warren was put forward by supporters as a possible presidential candidate. However, Warren repeatedly stated that she was not running for president in 2016.[101] In October 2013, she joined the other fifteen Senate Democratic women in signing a letter that encouraged Hillary Clinton to run.[102] There was much speculation about Warren being added to the Democratic ticket as a vice-presidential candidate.[103] On June 9, 2016, after the California Democratic primary, Warren formally endorsed Hillary Clinton for president. In response to questions when she endorsed Clinton, Warren said that she believed herself to be ready to be vice president, but she was not being vetted.[104] On July 7, CNN reported that Warren was on a five-person short list to be Clinton's vice-presidential running mate.[104][105]However, Clinton eventually chose Tim Kaine.

Warren vigorously campaigned for Hillary Clinton and took an active role in the 2016 presidential election. She remarked that Donald Trump, the Republican presumptive nominee, was dishonest, uncaring, and "a loser".[106][107][108]
2020 presidential election

Main article: Elizabeth Warren 2020 presidential campaign

Warren speaks at a September 2018 Holyoke town hall meeting, where she expressed an interest in exploring a presidential bid

At a town hall meeting in Holyoke, Massachusetts on September 29, 2018, Warren said she would "take a hard look" at running for president in the 2020 electionafter the conclusion of the 2018 United States elections.[109] On December 31, 2018, Warren announced that she was forming an exploratory committee to run for president.[110][111]
Electoral history
United States Senate election in Massachusetts, 2012PartyCandidateVotes%
Democratic Elizabeth Warren 1,696,346 53.7
Republican Scott Brown (incumbent) 1,458,048 46.2
Write-in Write-ins 2,159 0.1
Total votes 3,156,553 100.0


In the 2016 United States presidential election, faithless electors from Washington and Hawaii each cast a vote for her for Vice President of the United States.[112]
United States Senate election in Massachusetts, 2018[113]PartyCandidateVotes%
Democratic Elizabeth Warren (incumbent) 1,633,371 60.34
Republican Geoff Diehl 979,210 36.17
Independent Shiva Ayyadurai 91,710 3.39
n/a Write-ins 2,799 0.10
Total votes 2,707,090 100.0

In popular culture
On February 19, 2010, Warren appeared on Bill Maher's Real Time with Bill Maher show and participated in a "bit". Maher says, "Before the crash, I had most of my savings in Lehman Brothers." He waits a beat, then says, "I don't have a question, I just want you to hold me." He collapsed into her lap and she obliged.[114]
She has appeared in the documentary films Maxed Out and Michael Moore's Capitalism: A Love Story.[115]
Warren appeared in season two, episode 6 "Women in Politics", of the documentary Makers: Women Who Make America (2014).[116][117]
In 2017, Kate McKinnon played Warren on Saturday Night Live.[118]
Warren's popularity is the basis of a wide array of merchandise sold in her name, much of which incorporates Mitch McConnell's "Nevertheless, she persisted" remark,[119] including an action figure of the senator.[120]
Musician Jonathan Mann has written songs about Warren, including, for example, "She Persisted".[121][122]

Honors and awards

Warren at the 2009 Time100 Gala

In 2009, The Boston Globe named her the Bostonian of the Year[14] and the Women's Bar Association of Massachusetts honored her with the Lelia J. Robinson Award.[123] She was named one of Timemagazine's 100 Most Influential People in the Worldin 2009, 2010 and 2015.[124][125][126] The National Law Journal repeatedly has named Warren as one of the Fifty Most Influential Women Attorneys in America,[127][128] and in 2010 it honored her as one of the 40 most influential attorneys of the decade.[129]In 2011, Warren was inducted into the Oklahoma Hall of Fame.[130] In January 2012, Warren was named one of the "top 20 US progressives" by the British New Statesman magazine.[94]

In 2009, Warren became the first professor in Harvard's history to win the law school's The Sacks–Freund Teaching Award for a second time.[131] In 2011, she delivered the commencement address at the Rutgers Law School in Newark, her alma mater, and obtained an honorary Doctor of Laws degree and membership in the Order of the Coif.[132]

In 2018, the Women's History Month theme in the United States was "Nevertheless, She Persisted: Honoring Women Who Fight All Forms of Discrimination against Women", referring to Mitch McConnell's "Nevertheless, she persisted" remark about Warren.[133]
Books and other works

Warren and her daughter Amelia Tyagi wrote The Two-Income Trap: Why Middle-Class Mothers and Fathers Are Going Broke. Warren and Tyagi point out that a fully employed worker today earns less inflation-adjusted income than a fully employed worker did 30 years ago. Although families spend less today on clothing, appliances, and other consumption, the costs of core expenses such as mortgages, health care, transportation, and child care have increased dramatically. The result is that even with two income earners, families are no longer able to save and have incurred greater and greater debt.[134]

In an article in The New York Times, Jeff Madrick said of the book:


The authors find that it is not the free-spending young or the incapacitated elderly who are declaring bankruptcy so much as families with children ... their main thesis is undeniable. Typical families often cannot afford the high-quality education, health care, and neighborhoods required to be middle class today. More clearly than anyone else, I think, Ms. Warren and Ms. Tyagi have shown how little attention the nation and our government have paid to the way Americans really live.[135]

In 2005, Warren and David Himmelstein published a study on bankruptcy and medical bills,[136] which found that half of all families filing for bankruptcy did so in the aftermath of a serious medical problem. They say that three-quarters of such families had medical insurance.[137] This study was widely cited in policy debates, although some have challenged the study's methods and offered alternative interpretations of the data, suggesting that only seventeen percent of bankruptcies are directly attributable to medical expenses.[138]

Warren's book A Fighting Chance was published by Metropolitan Books in April 2014.[139] According to a review published in The Boston Globe, "the book's title refers to a time she says is now gone, when even families of modest means who worked hard and played by the rules had at a fair shot at the American dream."[140]

In April 2017, Warren published her eleventh book[141] titled This Fight Is Our Fight: The Battle to Save America's Middle Class, in which she explores the plight of the American middle class and argues that the federal government needs to do more to help out working families with stronger social programs and increased investment in education.[142]
Publications

Selected articles
Warren, E. (1987). "Bankruptcy Policy". The University of Chicago Law Review. 54 (3): 775–814. JSTOR 1599826.
Warren, E. (1992). "The Untenable Case for Repeal of Chapter 11". The Yale Law Journal. 102 (2): 437–479. JSTOR 796843.
Warren, E. (1993). "Bankruptcy Policymaking in an Imperfect World". Michigan Law Review. 92 (2): 336–387. JSTOR 1289668.
Warren, Elizabeth (1997). "Principled Approach to Consumer Bankruptcy". American Bankruptcy Law Journal. 71: 483.
Warren, Elizabeth (Fall 1998). "The Bankruptcy Crisis" (PDF). Indiana Law Journal. 73 (4): 1079.
Warren, Elizabeth; Westbrook, Jay Lawrence (January 2000). "Financial Characteristics of Businesses in Bankruptcy". SSRN Electronic Journal. 73: 499. doi:10.2139/ssrn.194750. SSRN 194750.
Himmelstein, DU; Warren, Elizabeth; Thorne, D; Woolhandler, S (2005). "Illness and injury as contributors to bankruptcy". Health Affairs (Project Hope). Suppl Web Exclusives: W5–63–W5–73. doi:10.1377/hlthaff.w5.63. PMID 15689369.
"The Vanishing Middle Class". In Edwards, John, ed. (2007). Ending Poverty in America: How to Restore the American Dream. The New Press. ISBN 978-1-59558-176-1.
Himmelstein, David U.; Warren, Elizabeth; Thorne, Deborah; Woolhandler, Steffie J. (2005). "Illness and Injury as Contributors to Bankruptcy". SSRN Electronic Journal. doi:10.2139/ssrn.664565.
Himmelstein, DU; Thorne, D; Warren, E; Woolhandler, S (2009). "Medical bankruptcy in the United States, 2007: Results of a national study". The American Journal of Medicine. 122 (8): 741–6. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2009.04.012. PMID 19501347.

Books
As We Forgive Our Debtors: Bankruptcy and Consumer Credit in America. Oxford University Press. 1989. ISBN 978-0-19-505578-8. (with Teresa A. Sullivan and Jay Westbrook)
The Fragile Middle Class: Americans in Debt. Yale University Press. 2001. ISBN 978-0-300-09171-7. (with Teresa A. Sullivan and Jay Westbrook)
The Two-Income Trap: Why Middle-Class Parents are Going Broke. Basic Books. 2004. ISBN 978-0-465-09090-7. (with Amelia Warren Tyagi)
All Your Worth: The Ultimate Lifetime Money Plan. Simon & Schuster. 2006. ISBN 978-0-7432-6988-9. (with Amelia Warren Tyagi)
Casenote Legal Briefs: Commercial Law. Aspen Publishers. 2006. ISBN 978-0-7355-5827-4. (with Lynn M. LoPucki, Daniel Keating, Ronald Mann, and Normal Goldenberg)
The Law of Debtors and Creditors: Text, Cases, and Problems (6th ed.). Aspen Publishers. 2008. ISBN 978-0-7355-7626-1. (with Jay Westbrook)
Chapter 11: Reorganizing American Businesses (Essentials). Aspen Publishers. 2008. ISBN 978-0-7355-7654-4.
Secured Credit: A Systems Approach. Wolters Kluwer. 2008. ISBN 978-0-7355-7649-0. (with Lynn M. LoPucki)
A Fighting Chance. Metropolitan Books. 2014. ISBN 978-1627790529.
This Fight Is Our Fight: The Battle to Save America's Middle Class. Metropolitan Books. 2017. ISBN 978-1250120618.



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