2025-12-30

쿠팡 - 위키백과, 우리 모두의 백과사전

쿠팡 - 위키백과, 우리 모두의 백과사전

쿠팡

위키백과, 우리 모두의 백과사전.
 다른 뜻에 대해서는 쿠팡 (동음이의) 문서를 참고하십시오.
쿠팡
Coupang
창립2010년 8월 10일
창립자김범석
ISINUS22266T1097
시장 정보
뉴욕: CPNG
산업 분야온라인 쇼핑몰
본사 소재지
 미국 
워싱턴주 시애틀
사업 지역
대한민국, 대만
핵심 인물
김범석(CEO)
매출액13조 3,000억원(2020년)
주요 주주씨피엘비,미국Coupang .inc의 주주
사우디아라비아, 일본 소프트뱅크 비전펀드 33.1%[1]
미국 그린옥스 캐피탈 16.6%[1]
미국 김범석 10.2%[1]
인도 매버릭 홀딩스 6.4%[1]
모기업씨피엘비(GEO CPLB Co, Ltd), 미국의 플랫폼 기업 Coupang .inc , 최대주주는 영국의 소프트뱅크비전펀드로 23.9% 지분소유
자회사
  • 쿠팡 Co., Ltd.
  • 쿠팡 USA, Inc.
  • CPLB Corp.
  • 쿠팡플레이 Corp.
  • 떠나요, Inc.
  • 쿠팡 풀필먼트 서비스, Ltd.
  • 쿠팡 로지스틱스 서비스, Ltd.
  • CP 엔터테인먼트 Co., Ltd.
슬로건쿠팡 없이 그동안 어떻게 살았을까
웹사이트공식 사이트

쿠팡주식회사(Coupang)는 전자 상거래(E-Commerce) 사업을 운영하는 미국의 기업이다.

2010년 8월 10일, 하버드 대학교 졸업 후 보스턴컨설팅그룹(BCG)을 거쳐 하버드 비즈니스 스쿨을 중퇴한 미국 국적인 김범석 대표가 창업을 했으며[2] 2021년 현재 누적 적자는 4조 2,000억원에 달한다. 3년 만에 연간 거래액 1조원을 기록하였다.[3] 2015년 2월에는 전 세계 1조클럽에 포함되었다.[4]

다른 오픈마켓은 거래액의 2~10%에 달하는 수수료수입을 매출로 보는 반면 , 쿠팡이 행하는 직매입 매출은 거래액 전체를 매출로 보는 특성상, 실제 거래액으로는 점유율이 적은 편이다. 네이버 보다 거래액이 적고 이베이코리아와 비슷한 수준으로 국내 2위 거래액을 기록중이다.

누적적자로 자본금이 계속 소진되어 2019년 금감원으로부터 자본금확충명령을 받은바가 있다.

역사

하버드 대학교를 졸업한 한국계 미국인 김범석 대표가 2010년 8월 10일 창업했다. 2017년 최대규모의 물류센터 설립과 배송 시스템의 지속적인 개선으로 인해 업무 효율이 상승했다. 2020년 대한민국의 코로나19 범유행으로 인해 매출이 급증하였다. 하지만 2019년까지의 누적 적자는 3조 7,000억원이며, 현재 예상 누적 적자는 약 4조 5,000억원 안팎으로 불어난다고 추정하고 쿠팡IPO를 회의적으로 보는 시각을 조선비즈가 보도했다.

제도

입점

쿠팡을 통해 상품을 판매하기 위해서는 입점을 해야 한다. 입점은 쿠팡 마켓플레이스, 쿠팡 로켓그로스 또는 쿠팡 윙에서 입점 신청을 통해 가능하다. 입점이 완료되고 나면 쿠팡 윙에서 판매자로서 각종 관리활동이 가능하다. 현재 쿠팡에서 별도의 판매자용 앱은 출시하지 않았기 때문에 쿠팡에 입점한 판매자는 웹페이지 기반의 판매자센터인 쿠팡 윙을 사용해야 한다.[5]

쿠팡 파트너스

2018년 7월부터 SNS 등 온라인 공간에 광고 링크를 걸어 클릭으로 매출이 발생할 경우 3%의 커미션을 주는 시스템인 '쿠팡 파트너스'를 운영하고 있다.[6] 2020년부터 제품 리뷰 게시물이나 영상에 쿠팡 파트너스 광고가 굉장히 많아졌다.

그 외 사업

  • 쿠팡이츠
  • CPLB

OTT 서비스

 이 부분의 본문은 쿠팡플레이입니다.

사건사고 및 논란

광고메일

2014년 11월부터 적용된 개정 '정보통신망 이용촉진 및 정보보호 등에 관한 법률' 시행령에 따르면 광고성 이메일을 보낼 때 제목 앞에 반드시 '광고' 문구를 달아야 하나 계도기간(2015년 2월까지)임을 악용하여 이를 지키지 않았음이 언론을 통해 드러나기도 했다.[7]

배송기사 사망사건

2020년 3월 12일 새벽, 경기도 안산시에서 새벽배송 업무하는 중에 배송기사가 사망했다.

물류센터 사망사건

2020년 5월 27일 오전 2시 40분경 인천 물류4센터 4층 화장실에서 계약직 근로자(40대 남)가 사망했다.

코로나19 확진 관련

쿠팡 부천물류센터를 중심으로 코로나바이러스감염증-19 확진 환자가 집중적으로 발생되자 80명의 확진 환자가 발생되었고, 얼마 못 가 고양 물류센터마저 1명의 확진 환자가 생겼다. 쿠팡을 중심으로 하는 코로나바이러스-19 감염증 관련 확진 환자가 111명까지 늘어나고 있다. 인천 학원 강사의 코로나 수칙이 무시되는 행동이 쿠팡을 코로나의 또 다른 진원지로 만들었지만, 현재는 주춤하였다. 현재까지 여러 정황을 종합해 볼 때 쿠팡 업체의 조치가 미흡했다는 보도가 이어지고 있다. 하지만 쿠팡 경영진과 홍보팀은 이에 대한 자세한 설명을 언론에 하고 있지 않다고 언론들은 불만이다. 하지만 미국 상장에 대한 홍보는 상상을 초월할 정도로 하고 있다. 그러나 물류센터의 와쳐라는 코로나 감독관은 마스크를 절대 벗을 수 없다고 한다.

고양시에서 2번째 사망자가 발생했는데 고양 48번 확진자로 경기도의료원 안성병원에서 새벽 5시 12분에 숨을 거뒀다. 사인은 폐렴이 악화되어서 사망했다고 알려졌다.

이천 쿠팡 물류센터 화재

 이 부분의 본문은 쿠팡 덕평물류센터 화재입니다.

2021년 6월 17일, 경기도 이천시의 쿠팡 물류센터에서 화재가 발생, 건물 전층으로 연소가 확산되었던 것으로 보인다. 화재의 원인은 전기 합선으로 추정되어 있으며 화재가 건물 전체로 번졌다. 화재 당시 쿠팡에 근무한 직원 200여명도 대피한 것으로 나와 있다. 해당 물류센터는 인천광역시, 대구광역시 등과 함께 쿠팡의 3대 거점 물류센터 중 하나로 알려져 왔다.[8]해당 화재가 발생된 물류센터에는 신선식품이 아닌 이외의 일반 상품만 취급하며, 가공식품도 물론 포함된다.

쿠팡검색어 조작 논란

쿠팡에서 쿠팡이 만든 물건들을 홈페이지에서 검색하면 위에 놓고, 일반 회사에서 납품한 물건들은 밑에 넣는 등의 검색어를 조작한 논란이 있다. 순위를 상단에 올려 자주 노출되는 효과가 있다

검색어 관련

2019년 12월 한 사용자가 가미카제 상품을 추가하였고 이는 곧 모든 언론들에서 밝혀지며 아주 큰 논란으로 바뀌였다.

쿠팡이츠 한집배달

쿠팡이츠의 한집배달 서비스는 소비자가 추가 배달료를 지불하면 배달기사가 해당 주문만을 픽업하여 신속하게 배달하는 서비스이다. 그러나 실제로는 배달기사가 여러 매장에서 음식을 수령한 후, 한집배달 주문을 가장 먼저 배달하는 방식으로 운영되고 있었다. 소비자는 추가 비용을 지불했지만 그만큼의 서비스를 받지 못해 불만을 제기하게 되고, 배달기사는 자신이 한집배달 서비스를 수행 중인지 인지하지 못한 채 여러 주문을 동시에 처리하게 되어 불만이 제기되고 있다.[9]

개인정보 유출 사고

2025년 11월, 회원정보가 유출되는 사고가 발생하였다. 쿠팡 측은 당초 2025년 11월 18일에는 4,500개 계정의 개인정보가 유출된 사실을 인지하였다고 밝혔다. 하지만 후속조사에서는 그 7,500배 가량인 3,370만 개 계정의 정보가 유출되었다고 정정하였다. 쿠팡 측은 유출된 정보가 이름, 이메일 주소, 배송지 주소록에 입력된 이름, 전화번호, 주소, 주문정보라고 밝혔다. 2025년 3분기 쿠팡의 실적 발표에서 '프로덕트 커머스 부분 활성고객', 즉 구매 이력이 있는 고객은 2,470만명이라고 밝혀졌다. 유료 멤버십인 쿠팡 와우 회원 수는 2023년 말 기준으로 약 1,400만명이다. 즉, 알려진 활성 고객 수보다 노출된 계정 수가 많은 상황이다.[10]

같이 보기

각주

  1.  조선비즈 (2021년 8월 6일). “[지배구조 톺아보기] 막강한 쿠팡 1인자 김범석, 견제수단 사실상 부재”. 2022년 1월 3일에 확인함.
  2.  소셜커머스 1위 쿠팡 김범석 대표 매일경제 2013년 7월 18일
  3.  쿠팡, 연간 누적 거래액 1조원 돌파 지디넷코리아 2013년 11월 18일
  4.  전세계 ‘1조클럽’ 진입 신생기업 73곳… 국내 쿠팡·옐로모바일도 합류 국민일보 2015년 2월 23일
  5.  쿠팡 판매자센터 로그인 및 판매자 등록 방법 보관됨 2021-05-19 - 웨이백 머신 돈밭닷컴 2021년 5월 18일
  6.  쿠팡파트너스 하는법 보관됨 2021-05-19 - 웨이백 머신 돈밭닷컴 2021년 5월 18일
  7.  회원들에게 `스팸메일` 보내는 쿠팡·위메프 디지털타임즈 2015년 1월 6일
  8.  이틀째 진화 중 쿠팡 물류센터…로켓배송도 차질 출처: 매일경제
  9.  박고은 (2025년 3월 6일). “[단독] 쿠팡이츠 ‘한집배달’의 배신…여러 개 픽업해서 달린다”. 《한겨레》. 2025년 3월 12일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2025년 3월 12일에 확인함.
  10.  조민정 (2025년 11월 29일). “쿠팡 "개인정보 노출계정 3천370만개"…사실상 다 털렸다(종합)”. 《연합뉴스》. 2025년 11월 29일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2025년 11월 29일에 확인함.

외부 링크

===

Coupang

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"Rocket Delivery" redirects here. For delivery of mail by rocket, see Rocket mail. For the food delivery service in Germany, see Delivery Hero.
For the historical place, see Kupang.
Coupang, Inc.
Native name
쿠팡
Company typePublic
ISINUS22266T1097
Industry
Founded1 July 2010; 15 years ago in Seoul[1]
FounderBom Kim
HeadquartersSeattle, Washington, United States.
Area served
  • South Korea
  • Taiwan
Key people
Bom Kim (CEO)
Services
  • Rocket Delivery (e-commerce)
  • Rocket Fresh (grocery delivery)
  • Coupang Eats (restaurant delivery)
  • Coupang Play (streaming service)
  • Coupang Pay (digital payments)
RevenueIncrease US$30.3 billion (2024)
Increase US$436 million (2024)
Increase US$66 million (2024)
Total assetsIncrease US$15.3 billion (2024)
Total equityIncrease US$4.10 billion (2024)
Owners
Number of employees
c. 95,000 (2024)
Subsidiaries
  • Coupang Co., Ltd.
  • Coupang USA, Inc.
  • CPLB Corp.
  • Coupang Pay Corp.
  • Ddnayo, Inc.
  • Coupang Fulfillment Services, Ltd.
  • Coupang Logistics Services, Ltd.
Websiteaboutcoupang.com
Footnotes / references
[2][3][4]
Coupang delivery truck in Seoul

Coupang, Inc. (Korean: 쿠팡) is a South-Korean-founded Delaware-incorporated technology and online retail company headquartered in Seattle, Washington.[5][6][7] Founded in 2010 by Bom Kim, the company operates a retail business, food delivery service, and OTT streaming service, with offices and operations in South Korea, Taiwan, the United States, India, and Singapore.[8][9]

The company expanded into video streaming distribution with the launch of its Coupang Play service. Coupang is often referred to as the "Amazon of Asia", due to its position and corporate size in the South Korean online market.[10] Coupang was named to the Fortune 200 in 2023 and 2024 and Fortune 150 in 2025.[11][12]

Overview

The first marketplace and largest online retailer in South Korea,[13] Coupang's annual revenue as of 2021 was US$18.4 billion.[14][15] The company's Rocket Delivery network provides same-day or next-day delivery of more than five million unique items.[16] As of 2018, Coupang claimed that 99.6 percent of its orders were delivered within 24 hours.[17] 70% of Korean citizens lived within 10 minutes of a Coupang logistic center in 2020.[18]

Coupang was headquartered in Songpa District, Seoul, South Korea until 2022 when it relocated to Seattle in the US.[19] The Seattle office opened in 2018 and grew to 350 employees within four years.[20] Coupang also has offices in Beijing, Shanghai, Los Angeles and Mountain View.[21] It has been incorporated under the Delaware General Corporation Law[6] since 2010.[19][22]

Coupang was founded by Bom Kim in 2010. A student at Harvard University, Kim started to study for an MBA at Harvard Business School but dropped out six months into the program.[23]

Kim registered Coupang originally as a limited liability company in Delaware State,[19] allowing it to access US funding. In November 2018, Coupang received a US$2 billion investment from SoftBank.[24] Other major investors in Coupang include BlackRock and Fidelity.[25]

The company grew during the COVID-19 pandemic with increased demand for online shopping.[26] In July 2020, Coupang acquired the assets of Singaporean streaming service HOOQ to form the nucleus of its streaming service named Coupang Play.[27]

Coupang had its IPO on the New York Stock Exchange on 11 March 2021.[26]

On 4 June 2021, Coupang announced that it had started trial operations in Japan.[28] However it pulled out of the country less than 2 years later due to low growth potential amid the dominance of Amazon and local player Rakuten.[29] On 8 July 2021, the company launched in Taiwan.[30]

In January 2024, Coupang acquired online retailer Farfetch.[31]

Financials

The company announced in 2020 that its annual revenue in 2019 increased by 64.2 percent over the previous year, and totaled 7.15 trillion won ($5.9 billion).[32] Its operating loss in 2019 dropped from 1.13 trillion won to 720.5 billion won, declining 36 percent.[32] The gains were attributed to expanded fast delivery service across the nation, including the overnight Rocket Delivery; sales of home appliances and fresh food; and a steady increase in customers.[32] The company had created 2,500 jobs in 2014 and 30,000 in 2019; labor costs increased correspondingly from 100 billion won in 2014 to 1.4 trillion won in 2019.[32] In 2020, the COVID pandemic accelerated the company's sales.

According to SoftBank, Coupang's estimated value is $9 billion, and it has earned $3.4 billion venture funding to date.[33] SoftBank funded the company with $2 billion in 2018 and $1 billion in 2015.[33]

Following Coupang's IPO in March 2021, SoftBank owns one-third of the company, Greenoaks Capital has a 16.6% stake, Maverick Holdings 6.4%, and Rose Park Advisors 5.1%.[34] BlackRock holds a 2.1% stake and CEO Bom Suk Kim owns approximately 10.2%.[34]

Its sales increased 74% in the first quarter of 2021 with $4.26 billion recorded, compared to the first quarter of 2020. Its year-over-year net loss increased 180% to $295 million during that same period.[35]

Revenue in the second quarter of 2025 was $8.5 billion, up 16% year-on-year and up 19% on a basis that did not reflect exchange rates.[36] Net profit was $32 million (about 40 billion won), a significant improvement from a deficit of $77 million a year earlier, and succeeded in turning into a surplus.[36]

Years[37]In US$ Millions
RevenueGross incomeNet income
20184,054189−1,098
20196,2731,033−699
202011,9671,986−463
202118,4063,109−1,543
202220,5834,710−92

Services

Rocket Delivery

Coupang is known for its fast delivery system.[38] Rocket Delivery is a signature service whereby items ordered before midnight will be delivered overnight by Coupang's own delivery personnel.[39] In July 2020, Coupang's Rocket Delivery staff was renamed from Coupangman to Coupangfriend (쿠팡친구), since the number of female delivery workers has increased, and to imply friendly service.[40]

Rocket Delivery service is free for the Coupang Rocket membership subscribers, for whom delivery is free for all Rocket Delivery tagged products.[41] Rocket Delivery is offered to non-subscribers if they purchase more than KRW4,990. It is estimated that 32% of Coupang users are subscribed.[41] 99.3% of Coupang Rocket Delivery orders are delivered within one day.[42]

Rocket Delivery service is possible via 200 warehouses that are approximately 20 million sq. ft across the country.[43] Coupang's logistic centers store approximately 5.3 million types of products and they are stored by an efficient storage system called Random Stow Algorithm.[44] About 1.7 million Rocket Delivery products are sent out from the logistic centers on a daily basis.[44]

Rocket Wow

Rocket Wow, a paid subscription service, similar to Amazon Prime, costs users KRW 2,900 per month. On 30 December 2021, Coupang adjusted the membership fee to KRW 4,990 per month. The increased subscription service has applied to new subscribers.[45]

The features of Rocket Wow are:[46]

  • Free delivery for entire Rocket Delivery tagged products
  • Free return within 30 days
  • Discounts on Rocket Wow tagged products
  • One-day delivery
  • Receiving Rocket Fresh products in the morning
  • Use of Coupang Play
Coupang Rocket Fresh Eco Bag

Rocket Fresh

Rocket Fresh is a fresh-food delivery service. Similar to Rocket Delivery, Rocket Fresh delivers fresh foods overnight. Users can receive the food by 7am if they order before midnight.[47] The service covers up to 8,500 kinds of foods.[48]

When Rocket Wow subscribers are ordering Rocket Fresh, they can choose the delivery option of Rocket Fresh Eco, which is an option to deliver the foods inside a reusable fresh eco-bag instead of a paper box. The bag preserves the foods in a fresh condition, and is re-collected in the customer's next delivery.[49]

Rocket Direct Purchasing of foreign goods

Users can purchase foreign goods through Coupang. Rocket Direct Purchasing allows foreign goods to be delivered within 3 days.[39]

Coupang Eats

Coupang Eats is a food-delivery service like Uber Eats. Coupang users can order food from restaurants, with delivery by Coupang[50] which can be tracked in real time. According to the "Delivery Service Trend Report 2021" released by market research company Open Survey, delivery-service app usage was topped by Baemin (88.6%), Yogiyo (68.2%), and Coupang Eats (34.7%). Compared to the previous year, Baemin rose 8.9 percent, Yogiyo fell 0.1 percent and Coupang Eats rose 28.6 percent.[51] Coupang Eats' growth year-on-year was also noticeable in the recognition survey of each app. Baemin increased 2.4 percentage points from 93.4 percent last year to 95.8 percent this year, Yogiyo remained 90 percent, and Coupang Eats jumped 49.1 percentage points from 23.3 percent to 72.4 percent. Baedaltong fell from 62.7 percent to 55.5 percent.[51] Coupang Eats topped the list with 74 percent for satisfaction with delivery apps.[51]

Coupang Flex

Coupang Flex is an outsourcing service that provides temporary employment to anyone over 18 years old.[52] People can choose the date they wish to work and their main work is delivery. Those who have cars can pick up the packages from Coupang's logistic centers and deliver by themselves. Those who do not have cars assist the Coupang man. Coupang flex users are paid KRW 800 per package during the day and KRW1200 per package during the night.[53][unreliable source?] On average, they tend to deliver 50 to 60 packages per day.[52]

Coupang Play

Main article: Coupang Play

Coupang Play is a South Korean subscription-based video streaming service launched by Coupang in December 2020.[54]

Coupang Pay

Coupang Pay is a digital payments service that enables customers to make easy payments. In mid 2020, the company spun off Coupang Pay as a separate fintech subsidiary.[55] By the end of 2020, Coupang Pay was the second most widely used pay system in Korea, with settlement turnover of KRW 25 trillion.[56]

Farfetch

Main article: Farfetch

Farfetch is a marketplace for the luxury fashion industry. The Farfetch connects customers in over 190 countries and territories with items from more than 50 countries and over 1,400 of the world's brands, boutiques, and department stores.[57] Farfetch was acquired by Coupang in January 2024.[31]

Coupang Taiwan

In October 2022, Coupang launched in Taiwan introducing its overnight shipping Rocket Delivery and Rocket Overseas direct overseas purchase.[58] Through Rocket Delivery, customers in Taiwan can order daily necessities and groceries for delivery the following day. If the ordered products come to NT$490 or more, they are delivered free of charge. In addition to the Rocket Delivery service within Taiwan, Coupang has also launched a Rocket Overseas service, allowing Taiwanese consumers to directly purchase goods from the United States and Korea, with free delivery of total purchase of NT$690 or more.[59]

Coupang became the most downloaded app in the second quarter of 2023 in Taiwan.[60] In November 2023, Coupang launched its second logistics center with the third logistics center expected to be in operation in 2024.[61]

Controversy

Worker wellbeing

Coupang has been involved in complaints by activists and families of workers who allegedly died from overwork. In April 2021 Kwon Young-gook, a lawyer and the co-chairman at the Committee for Coupang Workers' Human Rights and Health, said "Seven Coupang employees and two subcontractors have died of cardiovascular disorders, such as heart attack, for the past year. ... Out of the nine deaths, five are connected to overnight work as they passed away during or after night duty."[62][63] According to statistics published in the Korea Economic Daily, Coupang had recorded no work-accident deaths since its launch in 2011, as of the end of 2020.[64]

In April 2021, the company introduced Coupang Care, a system that allows employees to take paid breaks and receive health care coaching.[64]

Item Winner system

There is a debate over Coupang's Item Winner system, which selects the cheapest product among the same products as the sole seller. There is criticism that sellers offering items for as low as one won can monopolize the market. According to Coupang's terms and conditions, this right is delegated to Coupang as soon as the product's image and trademark are posted. In the process, problems can arise because sellers can use other sellers' images, via Coupang's copyright-transfer agreements. In May 2021, the situation was reported to be under review by the Fair Trade Commission.[65]

Cybersecurity breach

In 2025, it was revealed that data belonging to 33.7 million Coupang customers had been leaked in a cyberattack that lasted from June to November of that year, prompting an investigation by the South Korean government and an apology by the company.[66][67]

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