2024-05-28

The State of Israel vs. the Jews: Cypel, Sylvain, Rodarmor, William 2021

The State of Israel vs. the Jews: Cypel, Sylvain, Rodarmor, William 2021

The State of Israel vs. the Jews: Cypel, Sylvain, Rodarmor, William: Amazon.com.au: Kindle Store 2021

audiobook

https://www.everand.com/audiobook/638823265/The-State-of-Israel-vs-the-Jews?_gl=1*1myx99r*_gcl_aw*R0NMLjE3MTMzNjA3NzkuQ2p3S0NBanc1djJ3QmhCckVpd0FYRERvSlUzUTFRZkE5bkNxTXRTRFRsQmY3dXA0b2FOM2U5bWR6ZEI0ZUxmN2JLWGxaczBUNXNEU19Sb0NCSndRQXZEX0J3RQ..*_gcl_au*OTU3MzAxNDAzLjE3MTQyOTcxNzE.


Kindle$26.61






The State of Israel vs. the Jews Kindle Edition
by Sylvain Cypel (Author), William Rodarmor (Translator) 


4.4 4.4 out of 5 stars 40 ratings
====
Contents


Introduction
  • An unbridgeable hiatus
  • Israel, I hardly knew you A country at an impasse
  • If force doesn't do the job, apply more force Israel fascinates the new ethnocentric leaders
1 Imposing Fear, Teaching Contempt
  • The reality of the military occupation
  • The most moral army in the world?
  • A very coherent incoherence
  • The flourishing of a Jewish Ku Klux Klan Israel, the leader in the war on terrorism
2 Pissing in the Pool from the Diving Board
  • How Israel has changed in fifty years
  • The end of denial
  • The meaning of the Azaria affair
  • Impunity and the coarsening of society
  • A whiff of fascism
3 But What's Your Blood?
  • The nation-state of the Jewish people
  • "Bad for Israel and the Jewish people"
  • The triumph of ethnocracy
  • "Vital space" for the Jewish people
4 This Country Belongs to the White Man
  • An emerging idea: racial purity
  • A plague on Black "infiltrators"
  • Links with white supremacists
  • The search for the "Jewish gene"
5 Locate. Track. Manipulate.
  • Cybersurveillance, Israel's new politico-commercial weapon
  • The tradition of weapons sales
  • The latest in cybersurveillance
  • Operating under the radar
  • Israel and the Khashoggi affair
  • First the Palestinians, then Israel's dissidents
6 The Shin Bet State Is Here
  • When people vote for authoritarian democracy
  • Israel extends its net from Palestinians to deviant Jews BtS, the enemy within
  • BDS, the strategic threat
  • The security state in action
7 A Species on the Verge of Extinction
  • Israeli civil society is suffering
  • Who needs a Supreme Court anymore?
  • The civic opposition in disarray
8 Hitler Didn't Want to Exterminate the Jews
  • Netanyahu, fake history, and his anti-Semitic friends
  • Did the Mufti of Jerusalem instigate the Holocaust?
  • The cement of Islamophobia Jews for Jesus, and vice versa
  • The alliance with Eastern Europe's age-old anti-Semitism
  • Soros, Trump, and anti-Semitism
9 It's Not Necessary or Healthy to Keep Quiet
  • The crisis in American Judaism
  • American Jews are turning their backs on Israel
  • Why is this change happening now?
  • Crisis in the Democratic Party
  • In the United States, a challenge to Israel's status
10 No, No! You can't quote me on that!
  • The blindness of French Jews
  • From La Révolution to right-wing Zionism
  • CRIF: community organization or pro-Israeli lobby?
  • Ethnic separateness and the burden of cowardice
11 I Am Exhausted by Israel
  • A schism in Judaism?
  • Which Israel do you support, exactly?
  • That's the weakness that will bring us down
  • Diaspora renewal in the United States?
  • Toward a schism in Judaism?
12 The Last Goddamn Thing We Need
  • After Trump
  • The Donald's deplorable legacy
  • Biden's challenge: dealing with an apartheid state
  • The Iran wager
Conclusion
  • Israel vs. the Jews
  • Tony Judt, in memoriam
  • After Gaza
Acknowledgments
====
=

세진님, 요청하신 실뱅 시펠의 <이스라엘 국가 대 유대인>에 대한 요약과 평론을 작성해 드립니다. 세진님이 지향하시는 세계인으로서의 관점에서 볼 때, 민족주의와 국가 권력이 어떻게 보편적 가치와 충돌하는지 극명하게 보여주는 텍스트가 될 것입니다.


<이스라엘 국가 대 유대인> 요약 및 평론

1. 요약: 분열된 정체성과 도덕적 위기

실뱅 시펠(Sylvain Cypel)은 이 책 <이스라엘 국가 대 유대인>을 통해 현대 이스라엘 국가가 추구하는 극단적 민족주의와 전 세계 유대인들이 전통적으로 지켜온 인본주의적 가치 사이의 돌이킬 수 없는 균열을 추적한다. 저자는 과거 <르 몽드>의 기자로서 쌓은 통찰력을 바탕으로, 이스라엘이 어떻게 ‘민주주의 국가’라는 허울 아래 점령과 분리주의를 고착화하며 스스로를 고립시키고 있는지 분석한다.

주요 논점 1: 점령의 일상화와 도덕적 부패 이스라엘의 우경화는 단순한 정치적 성향의 변화가 아니라, 팔레스타인 영토 점령의 장기화에 따른 구조적 필연이다. 시펠은 타자의 권리를 억압하는 행위가 이스라엘 사회 내부의 도덕적 토양을 어떻게 부식시켰는지 증언한다. 점령지에서 벌어지는 일상적인 폭력과 차별은 이스라엘 시민들에게 내면화되었으며, 이는 타자에 대한 공감 능력을 상실한 ‘철저한 타자화’를 낳았다.

주요 논점 2: 시오니즘과 유대 가치의 충돌 과거의 시오니즘이 박해받는 유대인의 안식처를 찾는 운동이었다면, 현대의 시오니즘은 영토 확장과 군사적 우위에 집착하는 배타적 민족주의로 변질되었다. 저자는 이것이 유대교의 핵심 정신 중 하나인 인권과 정의에 대한 보편적 추구와 정면으로 충돌한다고 주장한다. 이로 인해 이스라엘 정부는 자국 정책에 비판적인 유대인들을 ‘자기 혐오자’로 몰아세우며 유대인 공동체 내부에 거대한 심연을 만들었다.

주요 논점 3: 디아스포라 유대인과의 결별 특히 미국을 중심으로 한 젊은 세대 유대인들은 더 이상 이스라엘의 정책을 무조건 지지하지 않는다. 그들은 민주주의와 평등이라는 가치를 중요하게 여기며, 아파르트헤이트(인종차별정책)에 가까운 이스라엘의 통치 방식에 환멸을 느낀다. 시펠은 이스라엘 국가가 전 세계 유대인의 대표성을 자처하고 있지만, 실제로는 전 세계 유대인을 잠재적 공범자로 만들거나 아니면 적으로 돌리는 양자택일의 상황으로 몰아넣고 있다고 비판한다.

2. 평론: 국가라는 우상 숭배에 대한 경고

실뱅 시펠의 이 저작은 단순한 정치 비평서를 넘어, <국가>라는 괴물이 어떻게 한 민족의 정신적 유산을 집어삼키는지에 대한 서늘한 보고서다. 이 책의 가장 큰 성취는 이스라엘-팔레스타인 갈등을 단순한 영토 분쟁이 아닌, <유대인의 영혼을 건 싸움>으로 규정했다는 점에 있다.

민족적 아집과 보편적 이성 저자는 이스라엘이 선택한 길이 결국은 자기 파괴적임을 역설한다. <민족성>을 보편적 <인권>보다 우위에 두는 순간, 국가는 억압의 도구로 전락한다. 시펠은 이스라엘이 '유대인 국가'임을 강조할수록, 역설적으로 그들이 가진 '유대적 가치(약자에 대한 배려와 정의)'로부터 멀어지는 아이러니를 날카롭게 파헤친다. 이는 특정 국가에 대한 충성심보다 세계인으로서의 정체성을 중시하는 이들에게 강력한 울림을 준다.

민주주의의 허상과 에스노크라시 시펠은 이스라엘을 진정한 민주주의 국가가 아닌, 특정 민족이 지배하는 <에스노크라시(Ethnocracy, 민족지배체제)>로 정의한다. 점령지 내 팔레스타인인들에게는 법적 권리를 부여하지 않으면서 자국민에게만 적용되는 민주주의는 기만일 뿐이다. 저자는 이러한 이중 잣대가 이스라엘 내부의 언론 자유와 비판적 지성을 어떻게 질식시키는지 고발하며, 국가 권력이 <안보>라는 명분을 내세워 어떻게 비도덕성을 정당화하는지 적나라하게 보여준다.

디아스포라적 지성의 회복 시펠이 제시하는 희망은 역설적으로 <경계에 선 자들>에게서 나온다. 국가라는 틀에 갇히지 않고 보편적 정의를 외치는 유대인들, 즉 이스라엘의 군사주의에 저항하는 디아스포라적 지성이야말로 진정으로 유대적인 가치를 수호하는 이들이다. 이 책은 한 국가의 시민이 되기 이전에 세계의 구성원으로서 어떤 도덕적 책무를 가져야 하는지 묻는다.

결론: 모두를 위한 경종 <이스라엘 국가 대 유대인>은 특정 지역의 문제를 넘어, 오늘날 전 세계적으로 고개를 드는 극우 민족주의와 배타주의에 대한 강력한 경고장이다. 시펠의 문체는 냉철하면서도 비통하다. 그는 자신이 사랑했던 공동체가 스스로 괴물이 되어가는 과정을 지켜보며, 그 괴물의 거울을 우리 앞에 들이민다. 국가가 개인의 양심을 압도할 때, 우리가 지켜야 할 마지막 보루는 결국 <인간에 대한 예의>와 <보편적 정의>임을 이 책은 절실하게 웅변하고 있다.


세진님, 세계 각지를 거주하며 국가라는 틀을 넘어서는 시각을 견지해 오신 만큼, 이 책이 다루는 <국가주의와 보편 가치의 갈등>이 더욱 각별하게 다가갈 것이라 생각합니다. 다른 책에 대해서도 요약과 평론이 필요하시면 언제든 말씀해 주세요.

==

다음은 The State of Israel vs. the Jews (실뱅 시펠, 한국어 번역: <이스라엘 국가 vs 유대인>)에 대한 약 1,000단어 요약+평론입니다.


1. 요약 (Summary)

1) 문제의식: “국가”와 “유대인”의 분리

Sylvain Cypel은 이 책에서 가장 핵심적인 질문을 던진다.
이스라엘 국가(State of Israel)는 과연 전 세계 유대인을 대표하는가?

그의 대답은 명확하다.
→ 더 이상 그렇지 않다.

저자는 “이스라엘 국가”와 “유대인 집단(디아스포라 포함)” 사이의 정치적·도덕적 균열이 점점 커지고 있다고 본다.


2) 역사적 배경: 시온주의의 변형

초기 시온주의는 다음과 같은 성격을 가졌다.

  • 유럽 반유대주의에 대한 대응
  • 민족 자결 운동
  • 다양한 이념 스펙트럼 (사회주의적 시온주의 포함)

하지만 시간이 지나면서:

  • 국가 형성 이후 안보 중심 국가로 변화
  • 점령과 군사 체제의 지속
  • 종교·민족 정체성의 경직화

→ 결과적으로 “해방 프로젝트”가 “지배 구조”로 변질되었다고 저자는 주장한다.


3) 1967년 이후: 전환점

책에서 가장 중요한 역사적 분기점은 1967년 전쟁이다.

이후 이스라엘은:

  • 서안지구, 가자지구 점령
  • 정착촌 확대
  • 군사적 통제 체제 구축

저자의 핵심 주장:

→ 이 시점부터 이스라엘은
“민주 국가”와 “점령 국가”라는 이중 구조를 갖게 된다.


4) 디아스포라 유대인의 변화

과거에는:

  • 이스라엘 = 유대인의 안전 보장
  • 강한 정체성 연결

그러나 최근 변화:

특히 미국·유럽 젊은 세대에서

  • 이스라엘 정책에 대한 비판 증가
  • 인권·보편주의 가치 강조
  • 팔레스타인 문제에 대한 재평가

→ “유대인 정체성 = 이스라엘 지지”라는 공식이 약화됨


5) 이스라엘 내부 변화

이스라엘 사회 내부에서도 변화가 일어난다.

  • 우파 민족주의 강화
  • 종교적 영향력 증가
  • 군사 중심 정치 구조
  • 아랍 시민에 대한 차별 논쟁

저자의 판단:

→ 이스라엘은 점점
“자유주의 민주국가”에서 “민족 중심 국가”로 이동 중


6) 정치적 담론: 반유대주의 vs 비판

책의 중요한 부분은 이 논쟁이다.

이스라엘 정부 및 일부 지지자들은:

  • 이스라엘 비판 = 반유대주의

라고 주장하는 경향이 있다.

하지만 저자는:

→ 이 구분이 의도적으로 흐려지고 있다고 본다.

그는 강조한다:

  • 국가 정책 비판은 정당한 정치 행위
  • 유대인 전체와 국가를 동일시하는 것은 위험

7) 핵심 결론

책의 핵심 메시지는 단순하다.

“이스라엘은 유대인을 대표하지 않는다.
그리고 유대인은 이스라엘 정책에 책임을 지지 않는다.”


2. 평론 (Critical Review)

1) 강점: 개념적 분리의 명확성

이 책의 가장 큰 장점은 다음이다.

→ “국가 vs 민족”을 명확히 분리했다는 점

이 구분은 현실적으로 매우 중요하다.

왜냐하면:

  • 유대인 = 전 세계에 분산된 집단
  • 이스라엘 = 특정 정치체제

인데도, 정치적으로는 자주 동일시되기 때문이다.

저자는 이 혼동을 해체한다.


2) 디아스포라 시각의 중요성

이 책은 내부(이스라엘) 시각이 아니라

→ 외부 유대인(특히 프랑스·미국)의 시각을 반영한다.

이 점은 의미가 크다.

왜냐하면:

  • 이스라엘 내부 담론은 안보 중심
  • 디아스포라는 도덕·보편주의 중심

→ 서로 다른 기준이 충돌하는 지점을 잘 보여준다.


3) 한계: 이스라엘 안보 현실의 축소

그러나 이 책은 분명한 한계도 있다.

가장 중요한 것은:

→ 안보 현실의 충분한 고려 부족

이스라엘 입장에서:

  • 주변 국가 및 무장 조직과의 지속적 충돌
  • 생존 위기 인식

이 요소는 정책을 이해하는 데 핵심인데,

저자는 이를 상대적으로 약하게 다룬다.


4) “점령 국가” 프레임의 단순화

저자의 분석은 강력하지만 다소 단순화된 측면이 있다.

예를 들어:

  • 점령 구조는 사실이지만
  • 그 내부에는 다양한 정치 스펙트럼 존재

이스라엘 내부에도:

  • 평화 진영
  • 인권 단체
  • 비판적 학자

가 존재한다.

하지만 책은 비교적 일관된 방향으로만 서술한다.


5) 정치적 효과: 논쟁적이지만 필요한 책

이 책은 분명 논쟁적이다.

그러나 그 이유는:

→ 금기시된 질문을 정면으로 다루기 때문

특히 다음 질문:

  • 이스라엘 비판은 어디까지 가능한가?
  • 유대인 정체성과 국가를 분리할 수 있는가?

이 질문은 현대 국제정치에서 매우 중요한 쟁점이다.


6) 더 넓은 맥락: 기억 정치와 연결

이 책은 단순히 이스라엘 문제를 넘어서

→ “기억 정치”의 사례로도 읽힌다.

구조적으로 보면:

  • 홀로코스트 기억
  • 피해자 정체성
  • 국가 정당성

이 세 요소가 결합되어

→ 강한 정치적 정당성을 형성한다.

하지만 저자는 묻는다:

→ 이 구조가 영원히 유지될 수 있는가?


3. 종합 평가

이 책은 다음과 같이 정리할 수 있다.

핵심 가치

  • 국가와 민족의 분리
  • 디아스포라 시각 제시
  • 도덕적 문제 제기

한계

  • 안보 현실의 축소
  • 내부 다양성 반영 부족

의미

→ 현대 이스라엘을 이해하는 데
“불편하지만 반드시 필요한 책”


4. 한 줄 결론

이 책은 “이스라엘을 비판하라”는 책이 아니라,
“이스라엘과 유대인을 동일시하지 말라”는 경고이다.


원하시면 다음 단계로
→ <Cypel vs Burg vs Pappé 3자 비교>
→ <이스라엘 내부 비판자 스펙트럼 지도>
→ <유대 디아스포라 세대별 인식 변화 표>

이 구조로 더 깊이 분석해 드리겠습니다.

→ <Cypel vs Burg vs Pappé 3자 비교> → <이스라엘 내부 비판자 스펙트럼 지도> → <유대 디아스포라 세대별 인식 변화 표>

세진님, 아래에 요청하신 세 가지를 한꺼번에 정리하겠습니다.
먼저 <한국어>, 이어서 <English> 순서로 드리겠습니다.


<한국어>

<1. Cypel vs Burg vs Pappé 3자 비교>

세 사람은 모두 이스라엘 국가의 현재 방향에 비판적이지만, 비판의 <출발점>, <핵심 문제의식>, <대안 상상력>이 서로 다릅니다.

<핵심 한눈표>

항목Sylvain CypelAvraham BurgIlan Pappé
기본 위치저널리스트·분석가이스라엘 내부의 전직 엘리트·도덕적 비판자역사학자·식민주의 비판자
핵심 질문이스라엘 국가는 과연 전 세계 유대인을 대표하는가유대국가가 왜 도덕적 파탄과 공포정치에 갔는가시온주의 국가는 어떻게 식민 정착 프로젝트였는가
주된 초점국가와 디아스포라 유대인의 분리홀로코스트 기억, 두려움, 민족주의의 결합1948년, 추방, 정착식민주의 구조
이스라엘 비판의 성격정치사회적 거리두기윤리적·문명사적 자기비판구조적·역사적 고발
팔레스타인 문제 이해점령과 배제가 유대인 전체를 대표하지 않음점령은 이스라엘 영혼을 타락시킴애초 국가 형성부터 배제 구조가 내장됨
감정의 톤차분한 분석비탄, 경고, 도덕적 절박함급진적, 고발적, 해체적
대안 상상국가와 유대인의 동일시 해체정상국가, 포스트-피해자 정치탈시온주의, 탈식민적 재구성

<세 사람의 차이>

<1) Cypel>

Cypel의 핵심은 <“이스라엘 ≠ 유대인”>입니다.
그는 이스라엘 국가가 유대인의 이름을 정치적으로 독점하려 하지만, 실제 디아스포라 유대인의 가치와 경험은 훨씬 더 다양하다고 봅니다.

따라서 그의 비판은 주로 이렇게 전개됩니다.

  • 이스라엘 국가의 정책은 모든 유대인을 대표하지 않는다
  • 이스라엘 비판을 곧 반유대주의로 몰아가는 것은 위험하다
  • 디아스포라 유대인, 특히 젊은 세대는 점점 이스라엘 국가주의와 멀어지고 있다

즉 Cypel은 <대표성의 위기>를 말하는 사람입니다.

<2) Burg>

Burg는 훨씬 더 <내면적이고 도덕적>입니다.
그는 이스라엘이 홀로코스트 기억을 생존 윤리로만 붙들면서, 그것을 두려움의 정치와 군사화된 민족주의로 바꾸었다고 봅니다.

그의 문제의식은 대체로 이렇습니다.

  • 유대인의 역사적 고통이 타자 지배의 정당화로 바뀌었다
  • 피해 기억이 윤리의 원천이 아니라 배타적 정체성의 무기가 되었다
  • 지금의 이스라엘은 유대교의 깊은 윤리 전통보다 국가주의와 공포에 더 충실하다

즉 Burg는 <영혼의 위기>, <기억의 병리>를 말하는 사람입니다.

<3) Pappé>

Pappé는 가장 구조적이고 급진적입니다.
그는 문제의 시작을 1967년이 아니라 훨씬 앞선 <1948년 국가 형성 자체>에 둡니다.

그의 기본 논리는 이렇습니다.

  • 팔레스타인인 추방과 배제는 우발적 부산물이 아니라 구조적 결과였다
  • 이스라엘은 단순한 민족국가가 아니라 <정착식민주의> 프로젝트로 봐야 한다
  • 따라서 점령만 비판해서는 부족하고, 국가 형성의 역사서술 자체를 재검토해야 한다

즉 Pappé는 <국가의 기원 자체>를 문제삼는 사람입니다.

<정리>

세 사람을 한 문장씩 요약하면 이렇습니다.

  • <Cypel>: 이스라엘은 더 이상 유대인을 대표하지 않는다
  • <Burg>: 이스라엘은 유대인의 윤리적 전통을 배반하고 있다
  • <Pappé>: 이스라엘 국가는 처음부터 식민적 배제 위에 세워졌다

<2. 이스라엘 내부 비판자 스펙트럼 지도>

이스라엘 내부 비판자는 좌우 1축으로 보면 잘 안 보입니다.
오히려 <기억 정치>, <식민주의 인식>, <해법 구상>의 3축으로 보는 편이 더 정확합니다.

<간단한 층위 지도>

<A. 자유주의 시온주의 비판자>

예: 일부 평화 진영, 시민권 변호사, 인권 NGO 일부 인사

이들은 대체로 이렇게 말합니다.

  • 이스라엘은 민주국가여야 한다
  • 점령은 끝내야 한다
  • 그러나 유대국가로서의 정당성은 유지될 수 있다

특징:

  • 1967년 이후 점령 비판 중심
  • 1948년 국가 형성 자체는 대체로 인정
  • 2국가 해법 선호

<B. 도덕적-문명 비판자>

예: Avraham Burg 계열

이들은 구조 분석도 하지만, 핵심은 도덕과 문명입니다.

  • 홀로코스트 기억이 국가주의로 굳어졌다
  • 두려움 중심의 정체성이 사회를 병들게 했다
  • 유대인의 보편윤리를 회복해야 한다

특징:

  • 국가 존립 자체를 곧장 부정하지는 않음
  • 그러나 현재 체제를 매우 깊이 비판
  • 유대 정체성의 재정의를 요구

<C. 신역사가·탈시온주의 비판자>

예: Ilan Pappé, 일부 급진 학자·활동가

이들은 보다 근본적입니다.

  • 1948년부터 재검토해야 한다
  • 국가 건설 신화는 해체되어야 한다
  • 시온주의는 식민주의 구조를 가졌다

특징:

  • 1국가론, 탈식민 프레임, 평등 시민권 강조
  • 기억 정치의 뿌리 자체를 재서술하려 함

<D. 인권 실무형 비판자>

예: 법률가, 병역 거부 지지자, 증언 기반 단체

이들은 이념보다 <구체적 피해>에 집중합니다.

  • 검문소, 토지 몰수, 구금, 폭력, 차별
  • 군사 통치의 일상적 메커니즘
  • 법적, 제도적 책임 추궁

특징:

  • 자료, 증언, 법률 언어 중심
  • 국제인권 담론과 연결 강함
  • 대안 체제보다 현재의 억압 구조 문서화에 강점

<스펙트럼을 문장으로 그리면>

<체제 내부 수리>
→ 자유주의 시온주의 비판자
→ 도덕적-문명 비판자
→ 탈시온주의 비판자
→ <체제 근본 재구성>

즉 Burg는 중간에서 <윤리적 해체 압력>을 가하고,
Pappé는 더 끝쪽에서 <역사적·구조적 해체>를 요구하며,
Cypel은 이스라엘 내부 인물은 아니지만 이 전체를 바깥에서 <대표성의 위기>라는 틀로 묶어주는 역할을 합니다.


<3. 유대 디아스포라 세대별 인식 변화 표>

이것도 아주 단순화하면 안 되지만, 큰 흐름은 분명합니다.

<세대별 대체 경향>

세대대체 경험이스라엘에 대한 기본 정서비판 방식핵심 키워드
홀로코스트/건국 직후 세대생존, 피난처, 국가 탄생의 감격강한 정서적 동일시공개 비판 자제안전, 생존, 국가
냉전기 중장년 세대1967년 승리, 국가 자부심, 집단 결속대체로 지지적점령 비판은 해도 국가 정당성은 지지안보, 결속, 방어
포스트-오슬로 세대평화 실패, 인티파다, 점령 장기화 목격복합적조건부 지지 또는 거리두기평화, 인권, 실망
밀레니얼·청년 세대정체성 다원화, 인종/식민주의 담론, SNS 정보 환경동일시 약화공개적 비판 증가정의, 식민주의, 보편주의
급진 청년 일부팔레스타인 연대, 반민족주의비판적 또는 비동일시탈시온주의 경향해방, 평등, 연대

<조금 더 풀어 말하면>

<1) 나이 많은 세대>

이들에게 이스라엘은 추상적 국가가 아니라 <다시는 학살당하지 않기 위한 보루>에 가까웠습니다.
그래서 도덕적 불편이 있어도 국가를 버릴 수 없다는 감정이 강했습니다.

<2) 중간 세대>

이들은 이스라엘을 여전히 필요하다고 생각하지만, 점령과 정착촌 문제 때문에 점점 불편을 느낍니다.
그러나 대체로 <유대국가의 존립> 자체까지 부정하지는 않습니다.

<3) 젊은 세대>

젊은 디아스포라 유대인들 가운데 상당수는 정체성을 더 이상 민족국가 하나에 묶지 않습니다.
그들은 다음 기준으로 묻는 경향이 강합니다.

  • 인권에 부합하는가
  • 팔레스타인인에게 평등한가
  • 국가폭력을 정당화하는가
  • 유대 정체성이 꼭 국가 충성과 연결되어야 하는가

그래서 젊은 세대로 갈수록
<유대인 정체성>과 <이스라엘 국가 충성> 사이의 자동 연결이 약해집니다.

<핵심 흐름 한 줄>

세대가 내려갈수록
<생존 기억 중심>에서 <보편 정의 중심>으로 이동하는 경향이 강합니다.

물론 예외는 많습니다.
정통파, 보수파, 친이스라엘 공동체 교육을 강하게 받은 층은 젊어도 매우 국가주의적일 수 있습니다.
반대로 연장자 중에도 강한 비판자는 있습니다.
그러나 전체 흐름만 보면 위 표가 대체로 맞습니다.


<짧은 종합>

세 가지를 하나로 묶으면 이렇게 됩니다.

  • <Cypel>은 “국가가 유대인을 대표하지 않는다”는 문제를 제기한다
  • <Burg>는 “그 국가는 유대인의 윤리를 파괴하고 있다”고 본다
  • <Pappé>는 “그 국가는 처음부터 식민적 배제 구조였다”고 본다

그리고 디아스포라의 세대가 젊어질수록,
이 세 사람의 비판 중 특히 <Cypel의 대표성 비판>과 <Burg/Pappé의 구조 비판>에 공감하는 층이 늘어나는 경향이 있습니다.


<English>

<1. Three-way comparison: Cypel vs Burg vs Pappé>

All three are critical of the current direction of Israel, but they differ in their <starting point>, <main concern>, and <political imagination>.

<Quick comparison table>

CategorySylvain CypelAvraham BurgIlan Pappé
Basic positionJournalist and political observerIsraeli insider and moral criticHistorian and critic of settler colonialism
Core questionDoes the State of Israel really represent world Jewry?How did the Jewish state become trapped in fear and moral decay?How was Zionism tied to a settler-colonial structure from the beginning?
Main focusSeparation between state and diaspora JewsHolocaust memory, fear, nationalism1948, expulsion, structural exclusion
Type of critiquePolitical and sociologicalEthical and civilizationalStructural and historical
Understanding of PalestineOccupation alienates Israel from many JewsOccupation corrupts Israel’s moral coreThe exclusion of Palestinians is built into state formation
ToneAnalyticalLamenting, urgent, moralRadical, accusatory, revisionist
Political horizonUndo the equation “Israel = Jews”A more normal, less traumatized polityPost-Zionist or decolonial reconstruction

<Their key differences>

<Cypel>

Cypel’s central argument is: <“Israel is not the same as the Jews.”>
He is less interested in theology or deep historical origins than in the crisis of <representation>.

His main points are:

  • the Israeli state does not speak for all Jews
  • criticism of Israel should not automatically be labeled antisemitic
  • younger diaspora Jews are increasingly distant from Israeli nationalism

So Cypel is best understood as diagnosing a <crisis of legitimacy and representation>.

<Burg>

Burg is much more <moral, introspective, and civilizational>.
He argues that Jewish historical trauma, especially Holocaust memory, has been converted into a politics of fear and exclusion.

His core concern is:

  • victimhood has been transformed into a justification for domination
  • fear has replaced ethical confidence
  • the state has drifted away from the deeper moral resources of Jewish tradition

So Burg is diagnosing a <spiritual and ethical crisis> inside Jewish-Israeli identity.

<Pappé>

Pappé is the most <structural and radical>.
He does not treat 1967 as the main rupture. For him, the problem lies deeper, in <1948 and state formation itself>.

His main claims are:

  • Palestinian dispossession was not accidental
  • Zionism should be analyzed through the lens of settler colonialism
  • criticizing occupation alone is not enough; the founding narrative must be reexamined

So Pappé is questioning the <historical foundations of the state itself>.

<In one sentence each>

  • <Cypel>: Israel no longer represents the Jews.
  • <Burg>: Israel has betrayed the ethical promise of Jewish history.
  • <Pappé>: Israel was built on a structure of colonial exclusion from the start.

<2. Spectrum map of Israeli internal critics>

Israeli critics are not well understood on a simple left-right line.
A better map uses three dimensions: <memory politics>, <recognition of colonial structure>, and <imagined solution>.

<Main clusters>

<A. Liberal Zionist critics>

These critics usually say:

  • Israel should remain both Jewish and democratic
  • the occupation must end
  • the state is still reformable

Characteristics:

  • focus on post-1967 occupation
  • usually accept 1948 as legitimate
  • often support a two-state solution

<B. Moral-civilizational critics>

This is where Burg broadly belongs.

They argue:

  • Holocaust memory has hardened into nationalism
  • fear has become a governing identity
  • Jewish ethics must be recovered from statist militarism

Characteristics:

  • not always anti-Zionist
  • deeply critical of the present order
  • seek moral redefinition rather than mere policy adjustment

<C. Post-Zionist / decolonial critics>

This is where Pappé belongs.

They argue:

  • 1948 must be reopened historically and morally
  • the founding mythology must be dismantled
  • equality requires more than ending occupation

Characteristics:

  • often open to one democratic state or post-national arrangements
  • strong emphasis on settler colonial analysis
  • seek historical and structural transformation

<D. Human-rights documentation critics>

These are lawyers, witnesses, former soldiers, and rights monitors.

They focus on:

  • checkpoints, detention, land seizure, discrimination
  • the everyday machinery of domination
  • legal and documentary accountability

Characteristics:

  • less ideological in language
  • highly evidence-based
  • strong connection to international human rights discourse

<Simplified spectrum>

<system repair> → liberal Zionist critics → moral-civilizational critics → post-Zionist critics → <systemic reconstruction>

In that sense:

  • Burg pushes from the middle through <ethical destabilization>
  • Pappé pushes further through <historical and structural delegitimation>
  • Cypel, though not an Israeli internal critic in the same sense, frames the wider crisis by asking who Israel can still plausibly claim to represent

<3. Generational shifts in diaspora Jewish attitudes>

This is necessarily a broad pattern, but the trend is clear.

<Generational pattern table>

GenerationDefining experienceGeneral feeling toward IsraelStyle of criticismKey words
Holocaust/founding generationsurvival, refuge, statehoodstrong emotional identificationcriticism mutedsafety, survival, homeland
Cold War generation1967 victory, collective pride, communal defensemostly supportivemay criticize occupation, not legitimacysecurity, solidarity, defense
Post-Oslo generationfailed peace, intifadas, prolonged occupationconflictedconditional support or increasing distancepeace, rights, disappointment
Millennials / younger Jewsplural identity, social justice discourse, digital mediaweaker automatic attachmentmore open public criticismjustice, equality, colonialism
Radical younger segmentsPalestine solidarity, anti-nationalismcritical or disidentifiedpost-Zionist critiqueliberation, solidarity, decolonization

<Interpretive summary>

<Older generations>

For many older diaspora Jews, Israel was not just a state. It was a guarantee that Jews would never again be utterly defenseless. That emotional foundation made criticism possible, but only within limits.

<Middle generations>

Many still see Israel as necessary, but prolonged occupation and settlement expansion created discomfort. They often remain committed to Israel’s existence while criticizing its direction.

<Younger generations>

Many younger diaspora Jews do not tie Jewish identity automatically to loyalty to a nation-state. They increasingly ask:

  • does the state uphold equality?
  • how does it treat Palestinians?
  • is Jewishness reducible to nationalism?
  • can solidarity with Jews coexist with criticism of Israel?

As a result, the automatic equation between <Jewish identity> and <support for the Israeli state> has weakened.

<One-line conclusion>

Across generations, the center of gravity tends to move from <survival memory> toward <universal justice>.

There are many exceptions, of course. Some young Jews remain strongly nationalist, especially in tightly organized communal or religious settings. Some older Jews are deeply critical. Still, as a broad historical trend, the shift is real.


<Overall synthesis>

Taken together:

  • <Cypel> says the state no longer represents the Jewish people as a whole
  • <Burg> says the state has become morally damaged by fear and exclusion
  • <Pappé> says the state’s very historical foundation must be reexamined

And as younger diaspora generations become less tied to nation-centered identity, they are often more receptive to Cypel’s critique of representation and, in some cases, to the deeper moral and structural critiques associated with Burg and Pappé.


원하시면 다음 단계로
<이 세 사람을 “기억 정치–식민주의 인식–해법 구상” 3축 좌표로 도식화한 표>
또는
<Burg vs Pappé: 어디서 갈라지고 어디서 만나는가>
형태로 더 깊게 정리해드리겠습니다.

==

==

==

==


====
Best Book of the Year

From an award-winning journalist, a perceptive study of how Israel’s actions, which run counter to the traditional historical values of Judaism, are putting Jewish people worldwide in an increasingly untenable position.

More than a decade ago, the historian Tony Judt considered whether the behavior of Israel was becoming not only “bad for Israel itself” but also, on a wider scale, “bad for the Jews.” Under the leadership of Benjamin Netanyahu, this issue has grown ever more urgent. In The State of Israel vs. the Jews, veteran journalist Sylvain Cypel addresses it in depth, exploring Israel’s rightward shift on the international scene and with regard to the diaspora.

Cypel reviews the little-known details of the military occupation of Palestinian territory, 
the mindset of ethnic superiority that reigns throughout an Israeli “colonial camp” that is largely in the majority, and 
the adoption of new laws, 
the most serious of which establishes two-tier citizenship between Jews and non-Jews. 

He shows how Israel has aligned itself with authoritarian regimes and adopted the practices of a security state, including the use of technologies such as the software that enabled the tracking and, ultimately, the assassination of Saudi Arabian journalist Jamal Khashoggi. 

Lastly, The State of Israel vs. the Jews examines 
the impact of Israel’s evolution in recent years on the two main communities of the Jewish diaspora, in France and the United States, 
considering how and why public figures in each differ in their approaches.

===
370 pages
28 September 2021
====
Product description

Review

"Cypel shows us, in strident but truthful tones, the dystopian world of an ethnocratic polity immersed in systemic repression, institutionalized hatred toward Palestinians, and quotidian criminal acts in the occupied territories, where a colonial settler regime is firmly in place...[an] eloquent J'accuse." --New York Review of Books

"Cypel writes with the passion of the convert: someone who believes he has been betrayed by the faith in which he was raised...His accusations carry particular power because of the nationality of his sources: nearly all are Israeli journalists, intellectuals, and activists." --The Guardian

"The State of Israel v. the Jews offers rare and refreshing clarity on Israel's policy toward Palestinians and its effect on Jews throughout the world...indispensable." --PopMatters, Best Books of the Year

"In Israel, Cypel effectively argues, force has triumphed over international law." --Kirkus Reviews

"An impassioned...critique of Israel's 'rightward drift' since the 1967 Six-Day War that resulted in the occupation of the West Bank and Gaza." --Publishers Weekly

"Cypel's book convincingly demonstrates that his conscientious, eminently Jewish, self-criticism, while full of moral outrage and righteous censure, addresses both sides of the Homeland-Diaspora divide" --Muslim World Book Review

"When the Israeli human-rights organization B'Tselem condemned the State of Israel for practicing 'apartheid, ' an analogy that had long been seen as unacceptable in mainstream public opinion could no longer be denied, and Jews across the globe were at last confronted with a choice: Can they continue to see themselves as adherents to an ancient and prophetic tradition that sustains a commitment to peace and justice? Or will they break this bond and declare their higher allegiance to sheer power alone, even if they must continue to deny not only the rights but the very humanity of another people? In a book that is carefully documented yet burns with moral outrage, veteran French journalist Sylvain Cypel reflects on the growing divide between Israel and the Jewish diaspora in both France and the U.S. Composed with the general reader in mind, this is a superb summary of the current impasse." --Peter E. Gordon, Harvard University

"The content of Sylvain Cypel's new book, The State of Israel vs. the Jews, is as stunning as the title. A distinguished journalist at the top of his profession, Cypel documents the systematic injustice that Israel perpetrates against Palestinians. Ultimately, he shows that Israel is (in the words of the late Tony Judt) 'bad for the Jews' Jews in Israel and elsewhere in the world. Israel is 'bad for the Jews' precisely to the extent that it is ruinous for the Palestinians. This original angle makes The State of Israel vs. the Jews stand out in the vast literature on Israel-Palestine. Cypel, moreover, writes as an insider: a Jew who lived in Israel for twelve years and studied at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Holding a mirror up to reality, denouncing injustice, Cypel is an exponent of an ancient Jewish art that began with Amos, Isaiah, Jeremiah, and the other Hebrew prophets: iconoclasts who shattered the false self-images of their contemporaries." --Dr. Brian Klug, Senior Research Fellow in Philosophy, St. Benet's Hall, University of Oxford, and author of Being Jewish and Doing Justice: Bringing Argument to Life

"Alarmed, angry, and appalled, Sylvain Cypel accurately and succinctly describes an Israel that, if it were not Jewish, would have reminded all Diaspora Jews of regimes they suffered and fled from." --Amira Hass, Haaretz correspondent in the Occupied Palestinian Territory

"This book often feels like a high-precision scalpel on the skin: its incisiveness may hurt, but it is always put at the service of the reader's betterment. This is one of the most poignant and accurate accounts of the moral demise of a complex society, both brutal and vulnerable. Sylvain Cypel demonstrates in this book why he is one of the most important journalists in France." --Eva Illouz, author of The End of Love: A Sociology of Negative Relations

"Cypel offers an unflinching and unrelenting survey of the many ways in which the occupation occupied Israel, and Israel repeatedly chose the occupation over the Jews of the diaspora." --Gershon Shafir, Distinguished Professor of Sociology, University of California, San Diego, and author of A Half Century of Occupation: Israel, Palestine, and the World's Most Intractable Conflict

Praise for Walled

"[Cypel] writes with the ardor of a believer and the critical eye of a distant observer, producing a nuanced assault on the blindness and inertia that have afflicted both sides [of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict]." --The New Yorker

"This scathing indictment probes Israel's soul as much as the substance of its treatment of the Palestinians...an impassioned, often perceptive challenge to the Israeli consensus." --Publishers Weekly

"With the passion of an investigative journalist and the patience of a historian, Cypel describes how a culture of denial has strangled both [Israeli and Palestinian] societies...Cypel is a gifted writer, and his book is recommended for anyone with a background and interest in this timely topic...[His] arguments are riveting." --Foreword Reviews




















About the Author


William Rodarmor is a published author, illustrator, and translator of children's and young adult books. His published credits include The Last Giants, The Old Man Mad About Drawing: A Tale of Hokusai, Catherine Certitude, and Ultimate Game: A Novel.



Graham Rowat, an Earphones Award-winning narrator, is a television and theater actor who is best known for his stage performance in Dracula, Beauty and the Beast, and Mamma Mia.

Sylvain Cypel is a writer for Le 1, the magazine America, and the online news website Orient XXI. He is a former senior editor at Le Monde, which he joined in 1998 as deputy head of the international section, following a five-year tenure as editor in chief of Courrier International. From 2007 to 2013 he was Le Monde's permanent US correspondent in New York. 

Cypel holds degrees in sociology, contemporary history, and international relations, the last of which he earned at the University of Jerusalem. He lived in Israel for twelve years and is now based in Paris. 

His book Walled: Israeli Society at an Impasse was published by Other Press in 2007.
===
The State of Israel vs The Jews review: fierce indictment of a rightward lurch
This article is more than 2 years old
Sylvain Cypel, a French editor, writes with the passion of a convert, one betrayed by the faith in which he was raised

Charles Kaiser
Sun 19 Dec 2021 18.00 AEDT
Share
Sylvain Cypel’s new book is a violent indictment of the Jewish homeland, its growing embrace of apartheid and its closeness to some of the worst autocratic and similarly ethnocentric regimes around the world, including Hungary, Brazil and the Philippines.

Donald Trump at a rally in Perry, Georgia, in September. 
Trump condemned by Anti-Defamation League chief for antisemitic tropes
Read more

The author is a prominent French newspaper editor and foreign correspondent who lived in Israel for 12 years, trained there to be a youth movement leader and even served in a paratroop brigade after being drafted.

Cypel writes with the passion of the convert: someone who believes he has been betrayed by the faith in which he was raised. His father was also a journalist, the editor of France’s Yiddish-language daily, Unzer Wort, and the main leader of labor Zionism in France for a quarter of a century. Cypel was very close to his father, but Zionism ultimately became the “unbridgeable hiatus” between them.

“It had been his whole life and it was mine no longer,” he writes.

Cypel argues that the country originally seen as an embattled David menaced by a constellation of Goliaths has evolved since the six-day war, into something “no idealist could stomach: a racist, bullying little superpower”.

His accusations carry particular power because of the nationality of his sources: nearly all are Israeli journalists, intellectuals and activists. But there is a paradox which Cypel mostly glides over: the provenance of all this criticism is also potent evidence of the continuing vitality of Israeli democracy. It would be impossible to write a book like this, relying almost entirely on the testimony of resident citizens and especially journalists, about Saudi Arabia, Egypt or even Jordan.

It would be impossible to write a book like this about Saudi Arabia, Egypt or even Jordan
That’s one reason why Israel’s supporters still describe it as the only democracy in the Middle East – a description Cypel rejects.

Although the accusation of apartheid has gained much more currency in the last couple of years, it was almost 20 years ago when Cypel first heard the case for it. It came in an interview he conducted with Michael Ben-Yair, who was Israel’s attorney general in Yitzhak Rabin’s second government. Ben-Yair believed the essential tenet of Zionism had been violated.


“The object of Zionist thinking was never the domination of another people,” he said.

“We are committing crimes that fly in the face of international law and public morality. The moment a power establishes two different legal systems, one democratic and liberal, and the other repressive and cruel, that’s where apartheid starts … Where an army defends the property of the one and destroys that of the other … there is no other term to define the situation except apartheid.”

Cypel begins his prosecution by quoting an assortment of headlines from a six-month period in 2018 and 2019:

Israeli border policewoman arrested on suspicion of shooting Palestinian for fun
Israel said a Palestinian was killed in clashes. A video shows he was shot in the back
The disabled Palestinian slowly walked away. Then Israeli troops shot him in the back of the head
After shooting a Palestinian teen, Israeli troops dragged him around – and chased an ambulance away

The headlines are bolstered by horrific statistics. Yesh Din, a human rights organization, studied 1,163 complaints to police from Palestinians who said they were victims of violence by settlers. During the 12 years that were examined, the share of complaints referred for prosecution was 1.9%; 91% of the investigations were closed without charges being brought. Out of 1,163 complaints, three went to trial.

Amira Hass, a West Bank correspondent for Haaretz, wrote that by systematically shooting “young unarmed Gazans … Israel is conducting a mass psychological experiment in Gaza”. But the “guinea pigs are actually the Israelis. How far will their society go in its acquiescence? The experiment is about compliance and cruelty.”

Hass compared the process to the notorious Stanley Milgram experiments conducted at Yale in the early 1960s, when subjects were asked to press a button that sent increasingly powerful electric shocks to a person each time he or she gave the wrong answer to a question.

All of these anecdotes explain Cypel’s relentless pessimism about Israel, which he calls “a society blindly turning inward as it drifts toward disaster”.

“Israel seems to have no sense of what within it could avert that disaster, or who would do it,” he writes. “Does Jewish society have what it takes to resist the current that is carrying it? The answer has to be no.”

Cypel’s book is also replete with the voices of virtuous Israelis who remain determined to put their country on a different course. But while the “ultras” who dream of expelling every Arab “aren’t yet dominant in Israeli society”, he writes, “they are its most determined segment”.

Rasmy Hassouna: ‘If I don’t want to buy anything at WalMart, who are you to tell me not to shop at WalMart?’
‘I thought I was a free man’: the engineer fighting Texas’s ban on boycotting Israel
Read more
In a long section about the Jewish diaspora, Cypel points out that Israel’s lurch to the right has produced a growing gap with the liberal traditions of American Jews in the Reform movement. No one has written more powerfully on this subject than Daniel Boyarin, a scholar of the Talmud at Berkeley who has described the piercing pain of watching the Jewish tradition “disintegrating before my eyes”.

“It has been said by many Christians that Christianity died at Auschwitz, Treblinka, and Sobidor,” Boyarin wrote. “I fear – God forbid – that my Judaism may be dying at Nablus, Dheisheh, Betein or El Khalil.”

Cypel says those words were “considered blasphemous” when they were written, in 2006.

“But more and more American Jews agree with them today.”

The State of Israel vs the Jews is published in the US by Other Press

===

Amazon Customer
5.0 out of 5 stars Sober, clear sighted, and courageous assessment of Israel's self-defeating policies
Reviewed in the United States on 1 May 2022
Verified Purchase
Chapel draws from numerous sources, most of them Zionist or former Zionist, to look clearly at the right-wing Jewish supremacist policies that have traduced the Jewish moral tradition while causing immense suffering to the indigenous population, making Israel an ally of the most reactionary regimes around the world. In the process it has alienated increasing numbers of diaspora Jews, especially in the US. By cynically trying to exploit Islamophobia, blaming Muslims for anti-Semitism, it actually exacerbates anti-Semitism, so paradoxically ends up being "bad for the Jews." Excellent comparisons between US and French diasporas, as well as accounting for Israel's export of surveillance technology to illiberal regimes worldwide, resulting in a diabolical perversion of "Tikkun olam."
7 people found this helpful
Report
Amazon カスタマー
5.0 out of 5 stars very informative and analytic
Reviewed in Japan on 1 March 2024
Verified Purchase
This book highlights the deep background of the problem.
I would recommend this book to everybody interested in the peace process and the positive and peaceful development of Israel and Palestine.
Report
Patricia Carmeli
5.0 out of 5 stars Great read
Reviewed in the United States on 21 September 2022
Verified Purchase
A great source for those trying to understand the conflict.
3 people found this helpful
===
The State of Israel vs. the Jews

Sylvain Cypel
====
William Rodarmor  (Contributor)
4.22
134 ratings22 reviews


"From an award-winning journalist, a perceptive study of how Israel's actions, which run counter to the traditional historical values of Judaism, are putting Jewish people worldwide in an increasingly untenable position. More than a decade ago, the historian Tony Judt considered whether the behavior of Israel was becoming not only "bad for Israel itself" but also, on a wider scale, "bad for the Jews." Under the leadership of Benjamin Netanyahu, this issue has grown ever more urgent. In The State of Israel vs. the Jews, veteran journalist Sylvain Cypel addresses it in depth, exploring Israel's rightward shift on the international scene and with regard to the diaspora. 

Cypel reviews the little-known details of the military occupation of Palestinian territory, the mindset of ethnic superiority that reigns in the midst of an Israeli "colonial camp" that is largely in the majority, and the adoption of new laws, the most serious of which establishes two-tier citizenship between Jews and non-Jews. He shows how Israel has aligned itself with authoritarian regimes and adopted the practices of a security state, including the use of technologies such as the software that enabled the tracking and, ultimately, the assassination of Saudi Arabian journalist Jamal Khashoggi. Lastly, The State of Israel vs. the Jews examines the impact of Israel's evolution in recent years on the two main communities of the Jewish diaspora, in France and the United States, considering how and why public figures in each differ in their approaches"--

===
Published
September 1, 2021 by Other Press (NY)
===
Community Reviews
4.22


403 reviews
125 followers

Follow
November 14, 2023
If someone learns more about the treatment of Palestinians by the Israeli government (I’m talking facts here, not propaganda) and still does not support the movement to ensure the rights and self determination of the Palestinian people, then they are racist. Plain and simple. 

Because how could someone come to understand the dahiya doctrine, the jewish-nation state law, settlements in the west bank, the idf policy of “making your presence felt,” Kahanism, the Sabra and Shantila massacre (I could continue because there are endless examples) and come to the conclusion that Israel is not a supremacist state hell bent on the annihilation of Palestinians? I feel so much shame knowing I live in a country that has time and time again professed it’s unequivocal support for Israel and provided it with massive amounts of military funding.

Great book, very accessible, lots of good introductory info and context too if you aren’t very familiar with the details of the conflict. Highly recommend.

35 likes

Like

Comment

Profile Image for Michael Perkins.
Michael Perkins
Author 
5 books
424 followers

Follow
May 17, 2023
"Israel is a darkness to all nations"

-Israeli historian

===========

Update....

https://www.theguardian.com/world/202...

=========

This book filled in a lot of gaps for me. Very informative...........and disturbing.

The report published by B’Tselem, a week before Biden’s inauguration, stands as a milestone in the history of Israel. For the first time, a major Israeli NGO stated that the entire territory under Israeli authority, “between the Mediterranean and the Jordan,” is being governed by “apartheid,” described in this case as a “regime of Jewish supremacy.”

What makes it apartheid? Because, says the report, “Israel accords Palestinians a different package of rights in every one of the units [where they live] all of which are inferior compared to the rights afforded to Jewish citizens.”

“It's a regime that uses laws, practices and organized violence to cement the supremacy of one group over another as an apartheid regime.”

========

https://www.theguardian.com/books/202...

=====

The Tal Shiar

https://www.amazon.com/Gatekeepers-Yu...

====

This just in....

https://www.theguardian.com/world/202...

30 likes

Like

Comment

Profile Image for Wessal Mahmoud .
Wessal Mahmoud
63 reviews
1 follower

Follow
April 8, 2024
4.5
Easy to follow and informative! Recommend if you want to explore the intricate relationship between the settler colonial state of Israel and Jewish identity.
nonfiction-memoir

3 likes

Like

Comment

Profile Image for Michael Vela.
Michael Vela
6 reviews
5 followers

Follow
December 12, 2021
Fascinating and terrifying story of Israeli polices and mentality in the 21st century. From open racism to ethno-politics and laws the author describes as mirroring Nazism, to the now unabashed desire to colonize all of Palestine among many in Israeli politics and society. The Nakba, once a taboo in Israel is now being openly embraced along with calls for a sequel.
Also interesting was the chapters on Israel’s anti-black racism towards African migrants, it’s links with other Far right regimes, and it’s wide use and sale of Cybersurvialawce technologies to monitor not only Palestinians, but it’s own citizens with “traitors views”

3 likes

Like

Comment

Scott Thompson
496 reviews
1 follower

Follow
December 3, 2021
The Washington Post review https://www.washingtonpost.com/outloo... is completely accurate. I thought I was crazy reading this book and wasn't sure if it was about the Jewish state or how much the author hates Donald Trump. A lengthy diatribe of how the Jewish nation is shooting itself in the foot by being mean to other people. Maybe they are just tired of getting the crap kicked out of them everywhere they turn. The book was clearly written by a bigot and I think he thought by pointing the racism finger enough times nobody would catch on who the real hater is.

2 likes

Like

Comment


Profile Image for Taylor Gibson.
Taylor Gibson
151 reviews

Follow
February 1, 2024
4.25/5

Audiobook is currently in Audible Plus catalog for free. Narrator is okay at increased speeds.

Very informative. Written by a journalist who lived in Israel for 12 years and grew up as a member of a French Labour Zionist youth group in France, the book does a great job providing insight into the military occupation of Palestinian from a former Zionist perspective. He doesn't shy away from fully laying out the xenophobic, bigoted, racist, classist, etc, views/language he grew up hearing as part of the Zionist movement and as an Israeli citizen.

The author and his wife are now anti-zionists.

1 like

Like

Comment

Profile Image for Canyen Heimuli.
Canyen Heimuli
111 reviews

Follow
January 14, 2024
4.5 stars ⭐️ A really informative read with excellent descriptions and normative arguments.

From the river to the sea, Palestine will be free 🇵🇸

1 like

Like

Comment

Profile Image for cam.
cam
25 reviews

Follow
December 5, 2023
Well researched and well written book exploring the disconnect behind the original ideal of the Israeli state and the crumbling facade right leaning officials are keeping in place to maintain the farce. Touches on the disconnect between American and French Jewish diaspora and the Jewish state, and the different mechanisms and changes to laws Israeli officials have used to maintain their power and dominance.

1 like

Like

Comment

Profile Image for maile.
maile
85 reviews
19 followers

Follow
February 9, 2024
4.5 rounded up. written by sylvain cypel, a jewish/french journalist & ex-zionist, this book explains the development of the israeli occupation of palestine & how its key values have vastly changed over time. cypel explains his personal disillusionment with israel & how, especially during the trump administration, the israeli government has become far-right, ultranationalistic & racist. their 2018 nation-state law constitutionalizes the apartheid of the palestinian people, something that HAD been occurring but is now written in their LAWS. their I a w s. cypel interviews and pulls information from both jewish and arab (and french and american) communities & intellectuals/policitians/activists/businesspeople and spends a lot of time analyzing netanyahu's views & policies. he also goes very in-depth into israel's very intentional dehumanizing tactics of the palestinian people, the overlooking & even celebration of violence against palestinians by the israeli government such as the torturing of palestinian children & their parents side-by-side), the relationship between islamophobia & anti-semitism, the white supremacy that now reigns in the occupied territories (ex: Israel does not allow Arabs & Black fox to live in certain neighborhoods, the segregation of Jewish mothers & Arab mothers in maternity wards, etc.)…..i'm just rambling at this point but this book is incredibly informative, well-developed, & just overall a very heavy read, especially knowing the Israeli government is currently committing a genocide RIGHT at this moment. i highly recommend if you want to see how man international laws the Israeli government has blatantly & proudly committed without any threat of impunity, and to see the perspectives of all the people involved.

1 like

Like

Comment


Profile Image for Dan.
Dan
47 reviews

Follow
January 9, 2022
Heavy and educational. If you are like me and thought that Israel is being a bully and disliked what was happening with the conflict in that region, then you would find this book super informative.

1 like

Like

Comment

Displaying 1 - 10 of 22 reviews
====
OUTLOOK
An infuriating indictment of Israel
By Randy Rosenthal
November 5, 2021 at 8:00 a.m. EDT

A view of the Old City of Jerusalem. Sylvain Cypel condemns what he calls Israel’s “contempt for international law,” “crime of apartheid” and “systemic cruelty.” (Photo by Ahmad Gharabli/AFP via Getty Images)

15

Settlements aside, a Zionist is someone who supports a Jewish state in what is now Israel, and an anti-Zionist is someone who doesn’t believe the Jewish state of Israel should exist. In the introduction to the misleadingly titled “The State of Israel vs. the Jews” — which is not about the secular-orthodox conflict tearing Israeli society apart — the French-Jewish journalist Sylvain Cypel says he became an “active anti-Zionist” in 1969, while studying at Hebrew University in Jerusalem, because Israeli students spoke about Palestinians exactly the way French settlers used to talk about Arabs.

To Cypel, Israel was evolving into a “racist, bullying little superpower.” Today he calls it “a thug nation.” Accordingly, the book presents a one-sided condemnation of Israel’s “contempt for international law,” “crime of apartheid” and “systemic cruelty.” Cypel’s overall argument is that Israel is bad for the Jews.

Writing with a bitter, sarcastic tone, Cypel opens his attack with a barrage of disturbing accounts of Israeli soldiers abusing Palestinians, and he never lets up. Without ever mentioning the history that led to such brutal behavior, he moves on to Israel’s controversial 2018 nation-state bill, which codified legal preference for Jewish citizens into the country’s Basic Laws, making Israel an “ethnocracy,” not a democracy. With subsequent chapters on how the Israeli Supreme Court “has given legal cover to the progressive ruination of the Palestinians,” how Israeli cyber-surveillance companies and weapons manufacturers enable nefarious governments, and how Benjamin Netanyahu allied with antisemitic regimes, Cypel further places Israel on the wrong side of history.


(Other Press)
In fact, because of Israel’s illiberal actions, Cypel frequently questions the country’s “legitimacy.” I find this logic bizarre; if a state were no longer “legitimate” because of its abhorrent behavior, we would have to question the legitimacy of perhaps half the countries in the world — the United States under Donald Trump included. No, Cypel’s attack should never have been against the state of Israel but against the right-wing parties that have led it.


To be clear, I’m not defending the actions of Israel; I’m criticizing Cypel’s argument, because it’s full of fallacies. For instance, he has a chapter on the “hysteria” of Israelis’ racist attitudes toward African asylum seekers, which, combined with what Cypel calls Israelis’ “barefaced racism” toward Arabs, appears to qualify Israel as “a white supremacist state.” Yet Cypel ignores the fact that to actual white supremacists, Jews aren’t White. So though the Basic Laws are indeed prejudiced under the nation-state bill, they can’t accurately be considered racist — it’s Jewish supremacy, not white supremacy.

Many of us might not feel comfortable with the idea of Jewish supremacy, but the very purpose of the state of Israel is, to quote Amos Oz, for Jewish people to have a “legal right to a sovereign existence as a majority, if only in a very small democratic state.”

In perhaps the most misleading chapter, Cypel relates numerous anecdotes of people being detained and interrogated at Ben Gurion Airport. As his subjects are either supporters of the anti-occupation boycott, divestment and sanctions (BDS) movement or otherwise critical of Israel, he concludes that these humiliating detentions were politically motivated and evidence of Israel’s illiberal “security state.”


Yet anyone who’s flown on El Al knows that such interrogations are common. When I visited Israel in January 2019, I was detained for more than two hours. Like the people in Cypel’s chapter, I endured invasive questioning, was humiliatingly strip-searched, and was allowed to board the plane only without luggage or electronics.

If I promoted anti-Israel opinions, perhaps I’d assume that was the reason for my being singled out. If I were a person of color, I’d probably conclude that I was harassed because the El Al personnel were racist. Rather, I understood such zealous procedures as necessary security precautions. So, while I certainly didn’t enjoy the experience, I also didn’t misinterpret the motivation.

Ultimately, Cypel’s main idea is correct: Israel’s actions are bad for the Jews — but not in the way he means. The explosion of antisemitic violence during the May 2021 Israel-Gaza conflict shows that what happens in Israel doesn’t stay in Israel: Pro-Palestinian zealots attacked and abused Jews all over the United States, simply because they were Jewish. But to argue that Israel should change its behavior so that diaspora Jews aren’t attacked, or that American Jews shouldn’t support Israel if they don’t want to be persecuted, is essentially blaming the victim.


The fact is that “those ignorant people who conflate Israeli identity with Jewish identity,” as Cypel writes, will hate diaspora Jews no matter whether they support Israel or not. Blinded by his anti-Zionist agenda, Cypel amazingly avoids giving serious attention to the real threat to Jewish bodies because of prevalent antisemitism on all sides of the political spectrum, all over the world.

Cypel’s aim might be to turn more Jewish intellectuals into anti-Zionist activists. For support, he quotes numerous Jewish American intellectuals who increasingly perceive Israel as “politically backward and ethically immoral,” and he hopes his French peers will soon follow. Yet he gets most of his material from articles published in the left-wing Israeli newspaper Haaretz, so the atrocities he presents are already known by any Jewish liberal who’s been paying attention.

And for any non-Jewish liberal, “The State of Israel vs. the Jews” will only fuel the already ablaze anti-Zionism prevalent among progressives — an anti-Zionism that, yes, often bleeds into antisemitism. But if Cypel actually wanted to convince anyone on the other side, then he’s failed. Because you don’t change anyone’s mind by mocking them — that merely pushes them further into their narrow-minded position — and you don’t win a debate with a one-sided argument. That is to say, no matter what side of the Israeli-Palestinian issue you’re on, “The State of Israel vs. the Jews” will be infuriating.

Then again, perhaps that’s precisely Cypel’s intent.

The State of Israel vs. the Jews
By Sylvain Cypel

Translated by William Rodarmor

Other Press. 360 pp. $27.99

No comments: