4.4 out of 5 stars 11 ratings
257 pages
August 31, 2010
Editorial Reviews
Review
“This thoughtful and highly original meditation on the future of Asian societies should be required reading for anyone interested in where our planet is heading.”
—Chalmers Johnson, author of Blowback: The Costs and Consequences of American Empire
“[There are] paradoxes aplenty within this serene, astute book, which will invite much discussion.”
—Kirkus Reviews
“Ruminative and high-toned…A gift-box of suggestions, it could push thinking about Asia into a deeper dimension.” –Time Magazine
“The great human and strategic subject of the next generation will be the interaction between Asian societies increasingly confident of their achievements, prerogatives, and power, and Westerners increasingly nervous on the same score. Patrick Smith’s decades of immersion in the variety of Asian life give him an original, elegantly wrought, and important perspective on this change. Even when I disagreed with his conclusions I found myself thinking about the rich and careful way he makes his case. I am very glad to have read this book.”
—James Fallows, author of Postcards from Tomorrow Square: Reports from China
“Searching and philosophical…offers a valuable intellectual frame for approaching the evolving relationship between the East and the West.”
—Publishers Weekly
"Thoroughly absorbing…The writing is more poetic in tone than political, a gentle hand-holding, guiding readers from past to present." –Minneapolis Star Tribune
“Written from the perspective of an author that travels the world in search of something and comes back with just as many questions as he might have found answers…Kudos to Patrick for this. It's definitely a book for the history books.” –Cyrus Webb, host of Conversations LIVE! Radio
“<...
About the Author
Patrick Smith is the author of The Nippon Challenge and Japan: A Reinterpretation, which won the Overseas Press Club Award and the Kiriyama Prize. He has written for the International Herald Tribune, The New Yorker, The Nation, BusinessWeek, The Economist, The Far Eastern Economic Review, and The Washington Quarterly, among other publications. He lives in Hong Kong and New York.--This text refers to the hardcover edition.
Excerpt. © Reprinted by permission. All rights reserved.
Some summers ago, during a time I kept an apartment in central Tokyo, two friends from Boston wrote to say they would come for a visit. An attorney and a designer, they were new to Asia, past and present. It was their first journey across the Pacific, Japan their first stop on a tour of the region. After several days’ wandering along Tokyo’s broad avenues and through the narrow, hidden lanes behind them, the time had come, these two said, to see something of Japan. Tokyo, after all, was not Japan: It was a modern city. (And in truth it is not Japan, if we mean as Paris is not France and New York not America.) So we settled on a route, got the car out, and drove southwest into the green of rice paddies and tea terraces and then into the high, forested mountains beyond them. Lunchtime approached. At the edge of a village, and with a clear, stony stream behind it, I spotted a place I thought would do. It served tonkatsu, deep-fried pork. For some reason, many tonkatsu restaurants tend to serve only tonkatsu, and so it was that day in Yamanashi Prefecture. It is not the most desirable summer dish, tonkatsu, but it has a history. The Japanese came up with it in the late nineteenth century, when they were absorbing Western ways and inventing their version of European cuisine. It is an orphan of a certain time, then. I related some of this as we ordered our biru (which, of course, the Japanese learned from the Germans to brew). My friends seemed a touch disappointed to hear the tale of tonkatsu.
“But is this a real Japanese way of eating?” one asked. It was the attorney.
Their eyes began to wander. There was a window in the front, and in it a few of those plastic models the Japanese use to display the dishes on offer—in this case tonkatsu this way, that way, or the other way. An extension cord ran out the back to a light near the stream. There were fluorescent tubes—the circular kind, with dangling string—and a refrigerator with a glass door, behind which stood all the brown bottles of biru: Asahi, Sapporo, Kirin. When lunch came, the patron asked politely if we would prefer knives and forks to chopsticks.
“Is this a real Japanese restaurant?” my lawyer friend persisted.
I had forgotten this incident—why recall it?—until many years and miles later when I was passing through Calicut. Calicut lies along the southern end of the Malabar Coast, the Indian edge of the Indian Ocean. It stares westward, and it is where da Gama landed in 1498. I had my heart set on seeing the very spot where, I imagined, a pair of heavy leather boots sank into the sand half a millennium earlier and the modern encounter between East and West can be said to have begun.
In town I looked up a professor named John Ochanthuruth. John had taught history and knew the terrain thoroughly. By way of maps, texts, diaries, documents, and years of exploring the coastline, he could tell you precisely when and where da Gama dropped anchor (the evening of May 20 at a place called Kappad, where there is a monument), when and where the Portuguese came ashore (the next day, at a nearby village called Pandarani), and the route the thick-thighed explorer took to meet the zamorin, ruler of the Calicut kingdom.
On the way to the coastline, John wanted me to see some things. He took me to the pepper market that had made Calicut a center of global trade centuries before the Portuguese came.
He showed me fourteenth-century mosques built like Hindu temples and mosques with Greek columns and arches. We passed Hindu temples that resembled roadside Christian chapels. We talked about matrilineal Muslims and the ancient Jews and Syrian Christians who had settled in southern India. We talked about the Parsi cemetery, inscriptions around town chiseled in Arabic, and all the Portuguese words embedded in Malayalam, the local language.
A narrative thread emerged. Hindus, Arabs, Persians, Turks, Nestorians, Alexandrians, Abyssinians, Venetians, a few Chinese, a few Javanese—they had all come and made of Calicut and the Malabar Coast the scene of a glorious syncretism. Da Gama, as Indians do not tire of telling you, had discovered nothing: He had sailed into a world that was already churning. It was an Arab pilot he had picked up on the East African coast who had read the winds for him and had guided him along the route he took.
The stout, graceless Portuguese did transform this bazaar of humanity, however. Refused a trading monopoly, da Gama had his guns blazing by 1503. Within a few years many spice merchants had fled for what would now be called the United Arab Emirates. What had been an all-welcome sort of place was soon a matter of blood and gore, divide and conquer, and local enmities previously unthought of. The jihad Calicut’s Muslims later declared may count as the first in the modern era. The West had come eastward—in a certain way hauling the Crusades into the modern age.
Da Gama’s monument turned out to be a miserable little block of mildewed concrete, an obelisk not much taller than a beach umbrella. It had a tiny plaque embedded in it and was surrounded by a broken fence and a considerable amount of litter. And between the monument and the shoreline, something interesting: The villagers had erected a small mosque. It was bleached pale green by the sun and had a corrugated roof with two truncated minarets; by all appearances it was not much used. The point seemed to lie in the semiology: There would be a Muslim place of worship between the Portuguese sailor’s plaque and the sea that had carried him here.
Walking the shoreline, John told me a curious tale. Some years earlier, as the five-hundredth anniversary of da Gama’s landing approached, scholars planned to mark the occasion. Researchers would gather; papers would be presented. A replica of da Gama’s ship was to sail the original route. New Delhi would support the proceedings, along with various Portuguese foundations. Then the shoe dropped in the villages and at the Malabar Christian College, proposed host of what had grown into an assortment of events. No, there would be no commemorating the coming of those colonizing Europeans. There would be no seminars, no ship, and certainly no money from New Delhi. Protesters came from as far as Goa, a day’s travel northward. And all came to nothing: There was not a single event to mark da Gama’s landfall.
“In the end,” John said with a rueful smile, “they came to the monument and threw dung all over it.”
He paused, a little lost in the events he had just recounted. We were between the empty, silent mosque and the sand, which was by then too hot to walk upon.
“The idea was not to celebrate anything,” John said after a while. “It was to analyze, to understand. We wanted to try to remember.”
“Remember what, John?”
“To remember ourselves.”
What does the green of summer in Yamanashi-ken have to do with the sandy land of southern India? Why think of a long-ago lunch in the Japanese countryside while sitting on fallen palm fronds along the Malabar Coast?
It has to do with perspective—which, bringing it to a single word, is the subject of this book. These essays are about seeing—or just as much its opposite, which is not precisely blindness so much as a failure to overcome received assumptions (or to know, even, that one has received them and lives by them). Clouded vision is merely a symptom of the malady, not the malady itself. The malady is lodged in our minds.
Japan, the “real” Japan one arrives from the West in search of, does not have extension cords running along its floors. Japan is made of wood and thatch and shimenawa, that textured twine hung in Shinto shrines, and of course of silk, translucent rice paper, and bamboo. It is not made of glass and steel and plastic in artificial colors. If it is modern it cannot be Japanese, and we cannot have found what we came to seek, for if it is modern it must be Western. Above all, it does not have Westerners walking around in it: We, having arrived, must feel as if we have transcended our own world and entered another, where only “others” dwell. The sensation of entering is important precisely because we desire the sensation of exiting.
My Boston friends reflected this, though hardly could they have known it. The incident in Calicut was another matter. That was a case of conscious subtraction. We Asians were over here, all together and doing fine, and then the Westerners came, and Asia ceased to be Asia. Instead, it became something spoiled, something derailed, something not itself. The endeavor is to overcome this despoliation—in a word, to resume. There are many versions of this narrative, depending on where one is, all sounding the same thematic notes: harmony, intrusion, one or another combination of nostalgia and what the French call ressentiment, and some inchoate desire to find what was lost and begin again.
The clearest expression of this story line I have ever heard, shorn of all extraneous detail, was delivered during an evening at a private club in Hong Kong. My host was named Paul Ho, the grandson of a noted nineteenth-century reformer, a prolific presence on the late-Qing political scene called Kang Youwei. I was about to make an extended trip into the Chinese countryside, and Ho wanted to introduce a friend who had spent most of his life on the mainland. “He has a certain perspective,” Ho explained.
Dinner proceeded, the dishes came and went, and so did the conversati...
--This text refers to the hardcover edition.
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Customer Reviews:
4.4 out of 5 stars 11 ratings
Top reviews from the United States
Akanksha Jain
4.0 out of 5 stars Tremendously insightful, loses steam in the last 1/3rdReviewed in the United States on November 22, 2020
Verified Purchase
Patrick Smith tackles a fundamental historical question, how did the extant Asian civilizations of Japan, China and India handle the emergence of Western superiority at a material, psychological and spiritual level ? He discovers that while Japan and later China have handled and perhaps even overcome the material dominance of the West, Indian's have dealt better with the psychological and spiritual fallout. He put this pithily as 'Culture has not become a task in India'. The first 2/3rds of the book are absolutely brilliant, filled with depth and insight of three vastly different cultures.
Toward's the end, Smith doubles down on his questionable proposition of the West having a purely utilitarian view of Asia, and lapses into tired sermons. But this should not take away from the excellence of the bulk of his exposition.
Highly recommended.
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Bernard Kwan
4.0 out of 5 stars Thought ProvokingReviewed in the United States on October 31, 2010
Verified Purchase
I read this book immediately after Why the West Rules by Ian Morris and these books complement each other well, especially in what how the books predict the relationship between East and West will develop.
Whereas the Morris' book talks purely about social and economic development, this book deals more with the Asian Psyche and how the great civilizations of the East - India, China and Japan have dealt with shock of confrontation with Modernity with the intrusion of the West about 150 years ago. Smith touches on the of psychological problems generated by this violent confrontation, such as a deep nostalgia for their traditional identity, a sense of inferiority and weakness and the feeling that a modern western identity is something that has been assumed and "put on". He argues that with economic development and a catching up to the west, we are just beginning to see an ebbing of resentment (ressentiment as used by Morris) and nostaliga and the arrival of a certain clarity to one's identity and place in history, and he hopes this signals a new and healthy development for the future.
The book is self-consciously styled after the Essays of Montaigne in that they do not seek to set out any broad thesis, but instead they are "attempts, forays expeditions". Smith consciously writes in this way as a reaction to business books which seek to reduce everything to economic facts and figures in a strictly utilitarian manner, treating 2 billion people as one un-individuated mass market. In a travelogue style, there is no overarching arguments but through conversations with various individuals and observations of various locations off the beaten track such as Kitakyushu in Japan and Saurath in India, we begin to piece together an outline of a modern Asia to come.
Patrick Smith chose the three major Asian civilizations as they are representative of the different stages of development. It was Japan that industrialized first and it is the first of the three to have to grapple with catching up with the West, and is the first to be confronted with the nihilism that one finds when you have attained all material things but have sacrificed your values in the process. China is still in the acquisition phase but can already sense the "bittersweet smile" that awaits when it has finished building its new modern world and has to wonder what then left to be done. India is just beginning to ask these questions as the economic development is picking up.
Due to the nature of the book, it is hard to draw broad conclusions about what happens next after Asia has caught up economically, but Smith takes heart in some of the trends that he sees, such as (1) Kitakyushu's reawakening of traditional Japanese attitudes towards nature, in promoting a "Green City" after all the environmental degradation of the past 50 years. (2) The Indian's use of Jugaad, or eccentric solutions using technology, to keep the village and traditional craft and dignity alive. (3) He makes mention of organic farming, Ayurvedic Medicine, Theosophy, Montesorri education, Gandhian simplicity and Tagore's university in the forest as some of the ideas that can create a new Asian modernity.
These developments may be the ones that can transcend the East and West that was rooted in the 19th century and help us address the coming issues of the future such as climate change, resource management, alleviation of poverty and human dignity.
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5 people found this helpful
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David Marolda
5.0 out of 5 stars Great insight into India, China and JapanReviewed in the United States on July 16, 2019
Verified Purchase
Very interesting take on three asian nations by a man who lived in Asia for nearly four decades as a journalist. The author is a very bright guy (I know him socially) with interesting, sometimes brilliant insight into Japan, India and China as they have moved into the modern world, each in their own way. You will learn a lot by reading this work.
HelpfulReport abuse
Jeffrey Fornear
5.0 out of 5 stars This author will make you think... And will show you what emerging, powerful Asia is really about.Reviewed in the United States on November 12, 2015
Verified Purchase
Superb deep thought-provoking coverage of what is happening to three countries that contain over half of the Worlds population. Written clearly by somebody who has "lived" there, not for weeks, but many years. The author has cultivated meaningful contacts with a diverse group of people and gives us their insights, opinions and words directly and honestly. If you want to learn something about history and how the world power structure has shifted recently, this book has it. This book does not have stupid, easily digestible 6-8 word sound bites... He makes you reconsider what you've learned before as past history and allows you to see what the truths are now, as a very different Asia emerges.
HelpfulReport abuse
Jesse Sor
4.0 out of 5 stars good bookReviewed in the United States on July 31, 2013
Verified Purchase
This book is a good book to use for an international studies class because it creates dialogue between the history and development of great powers but gives it in first hand accounts and makes it more easy to relate to a student.
HelpfulReport abuse
Rebecca Helm-Ropelato
5.0 out of 5 stars Better understanding of AsiaReviewed in the United States on March 2, 2018
Why did I choose this book? I wanted to learn more about Asia, something beyond the usual news articles and television programs that only focus on politics and financial news. I wanted to learn more about the distinctions between the Japanese, Chinese and Korean people. Did I learn what I hoped to learn? Yes, and much much more. The depth and detail of reporting in this book transformed my views of Asia. Choosing a perspective from the inside out, Smith writes about the complex reasons a defeated and humiliated Japan (post-World War II) embraced and imitated the priorities and culture of those who conquered it. He traces the historical relationship between China and Japan. He discusses the attitudes of the people in each toward each other. And Smith analyzes a crucial aspect of India and its people that makes the country and culture markedly different from China and Japan. Most interestingly, he reviews the arbitrary line that divides East from West, questioning exactly what it is and whether it has any validity. Excerpt: "Herodotus concluded that the business of East and West was ‘imaginary.’ The line he referred to was drawn by humans. For a long time we have simply lost track of this. We have erred in thinking the divide is eternal — ever there, ever to be there, somehow (and somewhere) etched into the earth. Now we enter a time when we can see from another perspective and see the truth of things and of ourselves." Highly recommend.
HelpfulReport abuse
omarali50
4.0 out of 5 stars A fascinating bookReviewed in the United States on November 21, 2016
A fascinating book that asks interesting questions and frequently manages to look at familiar topics in a new way. It is, of course, a Western look in its own way, but an unusually perceptive and empathetic Western look. In the end, we are all human, and nothing human is foreign to us :)
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Pomme de terre
4.0 out of 5 stars 21世紀はアジアの世紀かReviewed in Japan on November 11, 2010
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21世紀に世界の主役となるの国は、どこか。ジャーナリストとしての著者は、日本、中国、印度の三国を取り上げ、実地のインタビュー等を織り込みながら、それぞれの国で西欧化がどのように進んできたかを振り返る。三国とも、19世紀中頃に西欧文明と対決することを迫られ、日本を先頭として西欧文明同化への道をとることを余儀なくされたが、その過程で東洋の伝統的文化との摩擦を避けられなかった。しかし、この歴史的経緯のゆえに、著者の目からすると、新しい世紀の担い手は、既に行き詰まった感のある西欧諸国、特に米国ではなく、自国文化を維持しながら西欧化するという経験をもつこれら東洋諸国に分があると見ている。著者は、「日本の失われた10年も新たな道に進むための過程の一つ」と好意的な見方を示してくれるが、読む方はかえって心配になる部分もある。
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Customer Reviews:
4.4 out of 5 stars 11 ratings
Top reviews from the United States
Akanksha Jain
4.0 out of 5 stars Tremendously insightful, loses steam in the last 1/3rdReviewed in the United States on November 22, 2020
Verified Purchase
Patrick Smith tackles a fundamental historical question, how did the extant Asian civilizations of Japan, China and India handle the emergence of Western superiority at a material, psychological and spiritual level ? He discovers that while Japan and later China have handled and perhaps even overcome the material dominance of the West, Indian's have dealt better with the psychological and spiritual fallout. He put this pithily as 'Culture has not become a task in India'. The first 2/3rds of the book are absolutely brilliant, filled with depth and insight of three vastly different cultures.
Toward's the end, Smith doubles down on his questionable proposition of the West having a purely utilitarian view of Asia, and lapses into tired sermons. But this should not take away from the excellence of the bulk of his exposition.
Highly recommended.
HelpfulReport abuse
Bernard Kwan
4.0 out of 5 stars Thought ProvokingReviewed in the United States on October 31, 2010
Verified Purchase
I read this book immediately after Why the West Rules by Ian Morris and these books complement each other well, especially in what how the books predict the relationship between East and West will develop.
Whereas the Morris' book talks purely about social and economic development, this book deals more with the Asian Psyche and how the great civilizations of the East - India, China and Japan have dealt with shock of confrontation with Modernity with the intrusion of the West about 150 years ago. Smith touches on the of psychological problems generated by this violent confrontation, such as a deep nostalgia for their traditional identity, a sense of inferiority and weakness and the feeling that a modern western identity is something that has been assumed and "put on". He argues that with economic development and a catching up to the west, we are just beginning to see an ebbing of resentment (ressentiment as used by Morris) and nostaliga and the arrival of a certain clarity to one's identity and place in history, and he hopes this signals a new and healthy development for the future.
The book is self-consciously styled after the Essays of Montaigne in that they do not seek to set out any broad thesis, but instead they are "attempts, forays expeditions". Smith consciously writes in this way as a reaction to business books which seek to reduce everything to economic facts and figures in a strictly utilitarian manner, treating 2 billion people as one un-individuated mass market. In a travelogue style, there is no overarching arguments but through conversations with various individuals and observations of various locations off the beaten track such as Kitakyushu in Japan and Saurath in India, we begin to piece together an outline of a modern Asia to come.
Patrick Smith chose the three major Asian civilizations as they are representative of the different stages of development. It was Japan that industrialized first and it is the first of the three to have to grapple with catching up with the West, and is the first to be confronted with the nihilism that one finds when you have attained all material things but have sacrificed your values in the process. China is still in the acquisition phase but can already sense the "bittersweet smile" that awaits when it has finished building its new modern world and has to wonder what then left to be done. India is just beginning to ask these questions as the economic development is picking up.
Due to the nature of the book, it is hard to draw broad conclusions about what happens next after Asia has caught up economically, but Smith takes heart in some of the trends that he sees, such as (1) Kitakyushu's reawakening of traditional Japanese attitudes towards nature, in promoting a "Green City" after all the environmental degradation of the past 50 years. (2) The Indian's use of Jugaad, or eccentric solutions using technology, to keep the village and traditional craft and dignity alive. (3) He makes mention of organic farming, Ayurvedic Medicine, Theosophy, Montesorri education, Gandhian simplicity and Tagore's university in the forest as some of the ideas that can create a new Asian modernity.
These developments may be the ones that can transcend the East and West that was rooted in the 19th century and help us address the coming issues of the future such as climate change, resource management, alleviation of poverty and human dignity.
Read less
5 people found this helpful
HelpfulReport abuse
David Marolda
5.0 out of 5 stars Great insight into India, China and JapanReviewed in the United States on July 16, 2019
Verified Purchase
Very interesting take on three asian nations by a man who lived in Asia for nearly four decades as a journalist. The author is a very bright guy (I know him socially) with interesting, sometimes brilliant insight into Japan, India and China as they have moved into the modern world, each in their own way. You will learn a lot by reading this work.
HelpfulReport abuse
Jeffrey Fornear
5.0 out of 5 stars This author will make you think... And will show you what emerging, powerful Asia is really about.Reviewed in the United States on November 12, 2015
Verified Purchase
Superb deep thought-provoking coverage of what is happening to three countries that contain over half of the Worlds population. Written clearly by somebody who has "lived" there, not for weeks, but many years. The author has cultivated meaningful contacts with a diverse group of people and gives us their insights, opinions and words directly and honestly. If you want to learn something about history and how the world power structure has shifted recently, this book has it. This book does not have stupid, easily digestible 6-8 word sound bites... He makes you reconsider what you've learned before as past history and allows you to see what the truths are now, as a very different Asia emerges.
HelpfulReport abuse
Jesse Sor
4.0 out of 5 stars good bookReviewed in the United States on July 31, 2013
Verified Purchase
This book is a good book to use for an international studies class because it creates dialogue between the history and development of great powers but gives it in first hand accounts and makes it more easy to relate to a student.
HelpfulReport abuse
Rebecca Helm-Ropelato
5.0 out of 5 stars Better understanding of AsiaReviewed in the United States on March 2, 2018
Why did I choose this book? I wanted to learn more about Asia, something beyond the usual news articles and television programs that only focus on politics and financial news. I wanted to learn more about the distinctions between the Japanese, Chinese and Korean people. Did I learn what I hoped to learn? Yes, and much much more. The depth and detail of reporting in this book transformed my views of Asia. Choosing a perspective from the inside out, Smith writes about the complex reasons a defeated and humiliated Japan (post-World War II) embraced and imitated the priorities and culture of those who conquered it. He traces the historical relationship between China and Japan. He discusses the attitudes of the people in each toward each other. And Smith analyzes a crucial aspect of India and its people that makes the country and culture markedly different from China and Japan. Most interestingly, he reviews the arbitrary line that divides East from West, questioning exactly what it is and whether it has any validity. Excerpt: "Herodotus concluded that the business of East and West was ‘imaginary.’ The line he referred to was drawn by humans. For a long time we have simply lost track of this. We have erred in thinking the divide is eternal — ever there, ever to be there, somehow (and somewhere) etched into the earth. Now we enter a time when we can see from another perspective and see the truth of things and of ourselves." Highly recommend.
HelpfulReport abuse
omarali50
4.0 out of 5 stars A fascinating bookReviewed in the United States on November 21, 2016
A fascinating book that asks interesting questions and frequently manages to look at familiar topics in a new way. It is, of course, a Western look in its own way, but an unusually perceptive and empathetic Western look. In the end, we are all human, and nothing human is foreign to us :)
One person found this helpful
HelpfulReport abuse
See all reviews
Top reviews from other countries
Translate all reviews to English
Pomme de terre
4.0 out of 5 stars 21世紀はアジアの世紀かReviewed in Japan on November 11, 2010
Verified Purchase
21世紀に世界の主役となるの国は、どこか。ジャーナリストとしての著者は、日本、中国、印度の三国を取り上げ、実地のインタビュー等を織り込みながら、それぞれの国で西欧化がどのように進んできたかを振り返る。三国とも、19世紀中頃に西欧文明と対決することを迫られ、日本を先頭として西欧文明同化への道をとることを余儀なくされたが、その過程で東洋の伝統的文化との摩擦を避けられなかった。しかし、この歴史的経緯のゆえに、著者の目からすると、新しい世紀の担い手は、既に行き詰まった感のある西欧諸国、特に米国ではなく、自国文化を維持しながら西欧化するという経験をもつこれら東洋諸国に分があると見ている。著者は、「日本の失われた10年も新たな道に進むための過程の一つ」と好意的な見方を示してくれるが、読む方はかえって心配になる部分もある。
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