the story of Korea's transformation and Japan's rise to supremacy in the orient"
PREFACE
The problems that centre in the Far East had assumed
large proportions before the outbreak of the European War
in 1914. Since then they have attained a magnitude that
renders them of even more profound significance to the
world. A new alignment of races is developing. I have
discussed in other volumes the relations of China and the
Philippine Islands to this movement, and I now turn to
Korea and Japan. The general idea of this book is that the
Korean Peninsula is the strategic point in the mastery of
the Far East. I, therefore, first describe the country and
people, and then discuss the struggle between China and
Japan for the possession of Korea, and its culmination in
the China-Japan War; the diplomatic and military struggle
between Russia and Japan for the coveted prize, and its
culmination in the Russia- Japan War; the supremacy in
the Far East that Japan won by her victory in that mem-
orable conflict ; the poUcies and methods of Japan in govern-
ing a subject people; the characteristics of Japan as the
Imperial Power in Asia and a world-power of the first mag-
nitude; and the place and influence of Christian missions
as one of the most potent of the enlightening and recon-
structive forces which are operating in the Far East and
which hold the promise of a better world order.
The materials for this volume were gathered during two
journeys to the Far East and in the studies and corre-
spondence of many years. Some sharply controverted ques-
tions have been necessarily discussed, and the author cannot
reasonably anticipate immmiity from the criticisms of those
who will differ with him. He can only say that he has
sought to be fair and just. Any one who tries to keep in
the middle of the rather tortuous road that mns between
those who regard the Japanese as a model people and
those who regard them as "varnished savages," and be-
tween those who assert that the Koreans are "afflicted
saints" and those who assert with equal vehemence that
they are "the most contemptible people on earth," must
expect to be assailed from both sides.
While the Japanese have rightly restored the ancient
name of the country, Chosen, and have adopted their own
spellings of the names of several cities and other places,
I have followed the advice of the publisher in adhering to
the names that have been sanctioned by long usage in
Western lands. The changed terminology has not yet be-
come sufficiently familiar in North America and Great
Britain to enable many English readers to recognize Seoul
in Keijo and Pyengyang in Heijo, or to know that when a
time-table schedules the arrival and departure of trains at
Seidaimon, the railway-station in the capital is meant.
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