2026-09-25

The Garden of Words - Wikipedia 언어의 정원 言の葉の庭ことのはのにわ

The Garden of Words - Wikipedia


The Garden of Words

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The Garden of Words
Theatrical release poster
言の葉の庭
(Kotonoha no Niwa)
Genre
Manga
Written byMakoto Shinkai
Illustrated byMidori Motohashi
Published byKodansha
English publisher
ImprintAfternoon KC
MagazineMonthly Afternoon
Original runApril 25, 2013 – October 25, 2013
Volumes1
Anime film
Directed byMakoto Shinkai
Produced byNoritaka Kawaguchi\
Written byMakoto Shinkai
Music byDaisuke Kashiwa
StudioCoMix Wave Films
Licensed by
Released
Runtime46 minutes
Serial novel
Written byMakoto Shinkai
Published byKadokawa Shoten
MagazineDa Vinci
Original runSeptember 2013 – April 2014
Volumes1
icon Anime and manga portal

The Garden of Words (Japanese: 言の葉の庭, Hepburn: Kotonoha no Niwa) is a 2013 Japanese anime drama film written, directed and edited by Makoto Shinkai, animated by CoMix Wave Films and distributed by Toho. It stars Miyu Irino and Kana Hanazawa, and features music by Daisuke Kashiwa instead of Tenmon, who had composed the music for many of Shinkai's previous films. The theme song, "Rain", was originally written and performed by Senri Oe in 1988, but was remade for the film and was sung by Motohiro Hata. The film was made into a manga, with illustrations by Midori Motohashi, and later novelized by Shinkai, both in the same year as the film.

The film focuses on Takao Akizuki, an aspiring 15-year-old shoemaker, and Yukari Yukino, a mysterious 27-year-old woman he keeps meeting at Shinjuku Gyoen National Garden on rainy mornings. While Takao is skipping his morning class to design shoes, Yukari is avoiding work due to personal problems in her professional life. Yukari tells Takao nothing about herself, including her name, while Takao opens up to her, sharing his passion for shoes by offering to make a pair for her. When Takao learns Yukari's identity, emotions come to a head as both learn that they have been teaching each other "how to walk". Shinkai wrote the story as a tale of "lonely sadness", based on the meaning of the traditional Japanese word for "love", and uses shoes as a metaphor for life. The story's motifs include rain, Man'yōshū poetry, and the Japanese garden. The age difference between the two main characters and their character traits demonstrate how awkwardly and disjointedly people mature, where even adults sometimes feel no more mature than teenagers, according to Shinkai.

The Garden of Words premiered at the Gold Coast Film Festival in Australia on April 28, 2013, and had its general release on May 31, 2013, in Japan. For the Japanese premiere, the film was screened with an animated short called Dareka no Manazashi (だれかのまなざし; lit. 'Someone's Gaze'), also directed by Shinkai. The Garden of Words had an unusual release schedule since it was released digitally on iTunes the same day as the Japanese theatrical premiere, and its DVD and Blu-ray were released while the film was still in theaters, on June 21. The film has been licensed by Sentai Filmworks in North America, Anime Limited in the UK, and Madman Entertainment in Australia. It was released on Crunchyroll on December 3, 2025. The film performed well in theaters for an extended period of time and was hosted at many local and international film events. It ranked highly on iTunes Store during 2013 and was selected as the Year's Best Animation in iTunes' Best of 2013. It won the 2013 Kobe Theatrical Film Award and awards at the Fantasia International Film Festival and the Stuttgart Festival of Animated Film. Online reviews were generally favorable with universal praise of the art, though opinions were mixed regarding the story's length, plot and emotional climax.

Plot

The Garden of Words opens at the start of the rainy season in Tokyo with Takao Akizuki (秋月 孝雄, Akizuki Takao), a 15-year-old student and aspiring shoemaker, opting to skip his first class and sketch shoe designs in the garden at Shinjuku Gyoen. There, he encounters Yukari Yukino (雪野 百香里, Yukino Yukari), a 27-year-old woman who is skipping work. Yukari bids him farewell with a tanka (a form of Japanese poetry), leaving Takao puzzled as to its origin and meaning. The two continue to encounter each other and socialize in the park on rainy mornings, but never formally introduce themselves. Takao decides to make a pair of shoes in her size. With the end of the rainy season, he stops visiting the park and focuses on his work.

鳴神の 少し響みて
Narukami no sukoshi toyomite
さし曇り
Sashi kumori
雨も降らぬか
Ame mo furanu ka
君を留めむ
Kimi wo todomemu
[A faint clap of thunder
Clouded skies
Perhaps rain comes
If so, will you stay here with me?]

— Yukari in The Garden of Words[2]
from Man'yōshū, Book 11, verse 2,513[3]

Following summer break, Takao returns to school and spots Yukari, discovering that she is a literature teacher and had been the target of gossip and bullying. To avoid further confrontation, Yukari opted to avoid work and retreat to the park, hoping she would learn to overcome her fears. However, she quits her job and leaves the school. That afternoon, Takao meets Yukari at the park and greets her by reciting the 2,514th poem from the Man'yōshū Japanese poetry collection, the correct response to her tanka, which he found in a classic Japanese literature textbook. After getting soaked by a sudden thunderstorm, both head to Yukari's apartment and spend the afternoon together. When Takao confesses his love, Yukari is moved, but reminds him that she is a teacher and that she is moving back to her hometown on Shikoku. After Takao excuses himself, Yukari realizes her mistake and runs after him. Still upset, Takao angrily takes back what he had said and criticizes her for being so secretive and never opening up to him. Yukari embraces him and the two cry while she explains that their time together in the park had saved her.

鳴神の 少し響みて
Narukami no sukoshi toyomite
降らずとも
Furazu tomo
吾は留まらむ
Ware wa todomaramu
妹し留めば
Imoshi todomeba
[A faint clap of thunder
Even if rain comes not
I will stay here
Together with you]

— Takao in The Garden of Words[4]
from Man'yōshū, Book 11, verse 2,514[5]

The credits show Takao barely passing his final exams, but still working towards his goals, while Yukari moves back to Shikoku and resumes her teaching career. In a post-credits scene, Takao revisits the park that winter, reads a letter from Yukari, places her finished shoes on the bench, then vows that he will find her after he has made progress with his career.

Both the manga and serial novels share differences from the film. In the manga illustrated by Midori Motohashi, scenes were either added or slightly modified from the anime version. For example, after the conclusion of the rainy season, Takao was unable to visit the park during the only rainy morning that summer because he had scheduled to visit the footwear college he wanted to attend, disappointing Yukari who had hoped to see him.[6] At the conclusion of the story, Yukari is seen wearing the shoes Takao had made for her.[7] In the novel, Takao prepared to study abroad in Italy for his shoemaking, and had a party with his family. Before he was in Italy, he exchanged letters with Yukari every month or so, and ended up leaving his email address in one of them. Now with each other's email addresses, every message they sent avoided discussing personal issues such as if they were seeing anyone. In May 2018, he had some days off and decided to return to Tokyo, where he reunited with Yukari in the garden and delivered his promised shoes.

Characters

Takao Akizuki (秋月 孝雄, Akizuki Takao)
Takao Akizuki is a mature, hard-working 15-year-old first year high school student who hopes to become a shoemaker. On rainy mornings, he skips school to design shoes in the park.[8] He is voiced by Miyu Irino in Japanese[8] and Patrick Poole in English.[9] In a scene depicting his childhood, he is voiced by Wataru Sekine in Japanese[8] and Blake Shepard in English.[9] He made a silent cameo appearance at the end of Your Name,[10] another film of Makoto Shinkai.[11]
Yukari Yukino (雪野 百香里, Yukino Yukari; "雪野 由香里" in the manga)
Yukari Yukino is the mysterious 27-year-old woman Takao meets in the park on rainy mornings.[8] Takao later learns that she is a classical-Japanese teacher at his high school, and that she, too, is skipping, but due to her students bullying her.[12] She is voiced by Kana Hanazawa in Japanese[8] and Maggie Flecknoe in English (Katy Vaughn[13] in Your Name).[9] She also appeared in Your Name, teaching some old words for "dusk" in Mitsuha's class, including "Kataware Doki" (かたわれ時, lit. 'broken piece of time') which is important to the plot.
Reimi Akizuki (秋月 怜美, Akizuki Reimi)
Takao's 47-year-old mother is divorced from Takao's father, and is focused more on her love life than her family life.[8] She is voiced by Fumi Hirano in Japanese[8] and Shelley Calene-Black in English.[9]
Shota Akizuki (秋月 翔太, Akizuki Shōta)
Takao's 26-year-old brother, who leaves home to live with his girlfriend,[8] dismisses Takao's shoe-making as a whim.[14] He is voiced by Takeshi Maeda in Japanese[8] and Crash Buist in English.[9]
Rika Teramoto (寺本 梨花, Teramoto Rika)
Shota's 24-year-old girlfriend is friendly with Takao[8] and fascinated by his shoe-making.[14] She is voiced by Yuka Terasaki in Japanese[8] and Brittney Karbowski in English.[9]
Matsumoto (松本)
Matsumoto is Takao's classmate and friend, as well as Satō's boyfriend.[8] He is voiced by Suguru Inoue in Japanese[8] and Mike Yager in English.[9]
Satō (佐藤)
Satō is a second year student in Takao's high school and friend.[8] She is voiced by Megumi Han in Japanese[8] and Allison Sumrall in English.[9]
Shoko Aizawa (相沢 硝子, Aizawa Shōko)
Always surrounded by her friends, Aizawa is a third year student in Takao's high school[8] and the source of Yukari's problems at school.[15] She is voiced by Mikako Komatsu in Japanese[8] and Hilary Haag in English.[9]

Production

Shinjuku Gyoen National Garden
Bench in Shinjuku Gyoen
The film was set in Shinjuku and included scenes of Shinjuku Gyoen National Park.

The Garden of Words was directed by Makoto Shinkai, who also wrote the original story and screenplay. He was responsible for the storyboards, animation composite, key animation, and editing.[16][17] According to Shinkai, his numerous roles in the production of his works are due to the small size of the company, and in this film, it allowed him to tailor many elements of the film to more accurately portray his ideas.[18]

The animated film was produced by Shinkai Creative, CoMix Wave Films, and the producer was Noritaka Kawaguchi.[16] Kenichi Tsuchiya was the animation director and was responsible for character design, while Hiroshi Takiguchi was the art director.[16][19][20] Planning for the film began in the spring of 2012 and was announced on December 24 of that year. The Japanese release was initially slated for the first half of 2013.[21] Production took only six months, starting with location scouting by Shinkai around Shinjuku. Production officially started after he had created storyboards based on the photos he took.[22]

Shinkai was approached in early 2013 about adapting the material into a manga,[23] which was then done by Midori Motohashi.[24] In April, Shinkai stated that he was not contributing to the adaptation, leaving the work entirely to the manga artist. However, he did express interest in seeing the finished product.[23]

Inspirations, motifs, and metaphors

According to Shinkai's announcement of the film early during its production, The Garden of Words was his first attempt at making a love story using the traditional Japanese meaning of "love". During the era of the Man'yōshū, the native Japanese words today known as yamato kotoba (大和言葉; lit. 'Japanese words') were starting to be written using kanji, and the word for "love", koi (today written 恋) was written as 孤悲, or "lonely sadness".[25][26] As noted by Shinkai, a more modern concept of "romance", represented by ren'ai (恋愛), came about by Western influence.[25][27] The Garden of Words emphasizes the original meaning of koi—a "longing for someone in solitude"—but in a modern setting.[21][26][28] Loneliness is the central element of the film, according to Shinkai. In an interview, he said he created the film with the hope of cheering up people who feel lonely or incomplete in their social relations. However, he made a point that "this movie doesn't treat loneliness as something that must be fixed."[29]

Photographs (bottom) were used as a base, with the art (top) drawn over them.

Although the story's central theme is loneliness, it uses shoes and rain as motifs, along with Man'yōshū poetry and the Japanese garden in which it is set.[30] Although rain is typically seen as sad and gloomy, in The Garden of Words it makes the world more vivid and protects the two main characters from the reality of their lives and the limitations imposed by society.[31]

According to Shinkai, shoes were a metaphor for life as Yukari learned to walk again,[22] while Takao's shoe-making typified their relationship.[18] Similarly, Yukari's choice of food and beverages—initially beer and chocolate, due to a stress-induced taste disorder—was a metaphor for her emotional health.[22]

In many of Shinkai's films, sad endings resulting from misunderstandings and unrequited feelings are common. According to Shinkai, his stories are intended to encourage teenagers as they learn to cope with these commonplace experiences.[22] In an interview, he admitted that he had been accustomed to being turned down by women, and felt that his stories were encouraging because his characters continue to try, despite being unsuccessful at love.[32] The Garden of Words also illustrated how people do not mature as linearly or elegantly as we often assume. Shinkai himself could relate with Yukari in not feeling as smart or mature at age 27, stating, "We're all still just children at age 27,"[33] a point that voice actress Kana Hanazawa also agreed with.[34]

The original idea for The Garden of Words came from Shinkai's desire to capture the beauty of the daily scenery in modern Tokyo and showcase it in a film. Having lived for ten years in Shinjuku,[23][35] he selected it as the location of the film and set about taking thousands of photos, upon which he created his storyboards.[22] Wanting to share the peace and harmony of his favorite locations in Japan with the hope that it would encourage people to visit,[18] Shinkai modeled the garden in the film to match Shinjuku Gyoen National Garden in Tokyo.[36] Following the earthquake in March 2011, he was worried that it could be destroyed and wanted to preserve it in an animated film.[17]

Animation

During production, a novel coloring method was used to mimic the refraction of light on the skin of the characters.

Like other Japanese anime, The Garden of Words was created using a combination of hand-drawn animation, rotoscoping and computer animation (CGI), with the latter facilitating the realistic appearance of the film's rain sequences.[37] Shinkai made half of the film's backgrounds by using his photographs as a base and then drawing over the top with Adobe Photoshop, while the other half were fictional settings created with traditional animation and computer graphics.[22] As with his other films, the backgrounds are vivid and meticulously drawn scenery while the characters are drawn with less detail, though they are still convincing and realistic.[17]

For the rainy scenes at the park, the color palette was toned down, and pale green shading was used to match the gloomy, rainy weather,[17] thereby increasing the detail and defining the characters. Matching the tones to the background and lighting helped highlight the characters' faces.[38] According to Shinkai, a novel coloring method was chosen from other coloring methods following careful testing. The method involved integrating the coloring for each character with the background, a "new innovation of sorts" that mimics the refraction of light on the skin as seen in nature. This was accomplished by coloring the outline of the character, including the lines drawn for the separation of lit and shadowed surfaces, and then incorporating the background color onto the surface. Shinkai felt that this coloring method made the anime stand out from others.[39]

Character design and casting

Shinkai originally envisioned Takao as a boy who wants to help people,[22] but also felt that he should have a passion for making something, since creative work can be rewarding and fulfilling. On a list he made of potential crafts, he picked out the word "shoes". After testing it out with his initial plans for the story, he found that it worked out, and in hindsight, he realized that shoemakers also assist people with walking.[40]

When first presenting the original story to the rest of his team, the team learned that Yukari had unintentionally come across as selfish.[23] To remedy this, he gave her character nervous traits and personality flaws, such as letting her emotions spill over during mildly upsetting events.[41] Shinkai later realized that some of these personality quirks and temporary professional challenges seen in Yukari were present in a former girlfriend, for whom he had written his short film She and Her Cat.[22] In addition to making Yukari's character more convincing, these character flaws also made it more difficult to plan since she had to be both flawed and attractive to a young boy.[33][41] One aspect of her character that Shinkai focused on was her appearance. He felt that she had to be dressed in nice clothes, and particularly nice shoes. In order to balance realism with fashion, he researched shoemaking, worked with a clothing coordinator and stylist, and held weekly fashion meetings with his staff.[41]

One of the "complicated realistic elements" of Yukari's character was her sense of purity that only her voice could convey. Though it took days of listening to the audition tapes, Shinkai finally chose Kana Hanazawa, who had a very low natural voice, despite typically playing the roles of high-pitched younger girls. One of the things that impressed Shinkai about Hanazawa's voice was her ability to cover such a broad range of expression.[33]

It was the final scene of the film that made Shinkai glad he had cast Hanazawa. He knew that when Yukari cried, it had to be something impressive in order to emphasize an intense release of emotion. According to Shinkai, music alone could not produce the needed effect, and Hanazawa performed perfectly and without instruction. In an interview, he said, "I believe that Ms. Hanazawa's acting on that crying scene alone completes the film."[42] This final scene, which was recorded perfectly on the first take,[43] played a pivotal role in the casting decision for Takao's character. Though many Japanese voice actors could portray a naïve 15-year-old boy, Shinkai immediately recognized that only Miyu Irino could produce the intense emotion needed for the closing scene.[44] Irino had also played Shun and Shin in Shinkai's Children Who Chase Lost Voices.[45]

In regards to the English dub, Shinkai did not feel that he could judge the quality of the voice acting since he could not speak English natively. He felt that it was good due to the feedback he had received and because he could feel the emotion in the characters' voices. However, he noted that the experience would be different for viewers and that the final judgment could only be made by English-speaking audiences.[18]

Length

The Garden of Words is short, lasting approximately 46 minutes in length,[22][23] a trend also seen among Shinkai's earlier works.[22] Although he had stated in an interview with Anime News Network that he does like making shorter films, Shinkai noted that he did not originally plan for the film to be played in theaters. Instead, he intended for people to casually view the film on tablets, computers, and in home theaters.[23] A target length was never specified from the outset, instead the relationship between Takao and Yukari was emphasized,[22] although it was known from early in the production that the film would be short.[18]

Shinkai acknowledged that it is difficult to sell 46-minute films in theaters;[22] however, many individuals in the industry had requested to show the film in theaters and conventions.[23] During an interview at Anime Expo 2013, a representative from Toho, the film's distribution company, emphasized that the quality of the story and the reputation of its director played a key role in the decision to bring it to theaters.[22]

Music

In Shinkai's previous films, the music was produced by Tenmon;[46] however, The Garden of Words features music by Daisuke Kashiwa.[16][19][20] Kashiwa had been a fan of Shinkai's 5 Centimeters Per Second and had sent him several of his albums. Shinkai listened to these albums while writing the screenplay and then elected to base the film's music on the songs from Kashiwa's album 88. In an interview, Shinkai said that the music was primarily responsible for making the movie seem "unlike other anime".[47]

The theme song, "Rain", was written and composed by Senri Oe,[19][20] and was originally a popular Japanese song in 1988.[37][48][49] Shinkai enjoyed listening to Oe's song regularly while attending university, and since one of the film's themes was rain, it was the first song that came to mind while he worked on the production. He particularly liked the song because its lyrics reflected daily life, much like the film.[47] The song was remade for the film in 2013, and sung by Motohiro Hata.[37][47] Shinkai met Hata on several occasions and noted a similarity between Hata's passion as an artisan and that of the character Takao. Shinkai also felt that Hata's voice was perfect because to him it carried an "underlying loneliness" and "sounded a little like an anxious young man".[47]

Soundtrack

The Garden of Words
Soundtrack album by
Daisuke Kashiwa
ReleasedMay 31, 2013
Studios
Length14:42
Labels
Daisuke Kashiwa chronology
Re:
(2012)		The Garden of Words
(2013)		9 Songs
(2014)

The soundtrack for the film was composed by Daisuke Kashiwa.[50] It was first released on May 31, 2013, by CoMix Wave Films[51] and later released on June 21, 2013, by Toho Animation Records.[52]

All music is composed by Daisuke Kashiwa.

The Garden of Words
No.TitleLength
1."A Rainy Morning ~Main Title~"0:50
2."Greenery Rain"3:01
3."Rain of Recollection"1:08
4."While Hearing Sound of Rain"1:43
5."A Silent Summer"4:09
6."The Afternoon of Rainy day"3:06
7."A Rainy Morning ~Epilogue~"0:45
Total length:14:42

Personnel

Musicians

Production

  • Hideaki Takahashi (高橋 英明, Takahashi Hideaki) – music supervisor
  • Junji Kubo (久保 淳司, Kubo Junji) – music production manager
  • Tetsuya Yamamoto (山本 哲也, Yamamoto Tetsuya), Daisuke Kashiwa – recording engineer
  • Daisuke Kashiwa – mixing engineer
  • Studio Flat, Meguro Sōko (目黒倉庫) (Meguro, Tokyo, Japan) – recording studio
  • Meguro Sōko – mixing studio

Themes

Two common themes among Shinkai's films, including The Garden of Words, are subtle romances and lingering emotions.[53] However, this film's focus on "lonely sadness" (koi) was interpreted in a couple of ways. According to Cynthia Webb of The Jakarta Post, the loneliness is seen at the end of the film, when Takao learns to cope with Yukari's move to Shikoku.[17] Luke Carroll at Anime News Network felt the end of the rainy season and the resulting separation created the sense of koi.[54]

Bradly Halestorm at Hardcore Gamer [55] found that, through their conversations, Yukari and Takao found companionship: Takao finding someone he can share his passion with, and Yukari finding someone who treats her as a person. However, because of the age difference, this discovery varied between the characters. For Yukari, an older and more experienced individual, her hopeless feelings of lonely sadness disappeared when she learned she could connect with Takao, a revelation that she saw as her salvation. For Takao, a boy with an unsupportive family and friends who seemed more like acquaintances, he did not realize his lack of companionship until he discovered it with Yukari, a new feeling he mistook for romantic love but only realized its true nature after she had moved away. Instead, the love they shared was more basic, making the age difference immaterial. At the end of the film, both characters maintained their friendship through letters, but otherwise began growing as people by moving on with their lives and presumably finding new relationships with other people. The hope was that one day they could reunite and renew their companionship "without needing to cling to each other". However, neither could "learn to walk again" if they continued to isolate themselves from the rest of the world and take shelter with each other in the garden at Shinjuku Gyoen.

Another one of the themes discussed by the film's reviewers was rain or water. According to Cynthia Webb, the rain represented "unfulfilled longing",[17] while Bradly Halestorm saw water as a third main character to the story, acting to both bring Takao and Yukari together and to symbolize the renewal of life.[55] In this way, the rain comes to represent their loneliness, while simultaneously acknowledging Shinkai's statement that the rain symbolized uncontrollable love.

Promotion and release

Premiere

The anime film was announced in Japan on December 24, 2012, with the release scheduled for the first half of 2013[56][57] and news updates available on its Facebook page.[58] On February 20, 2013, the film's production company, CoMix Wave Films, released a trailer with subtitles in multiple languages on YouTube[19][59][60] and announced that it would be released in Japan on May 31, 2013.[59]

In early April, it was announced that the world premiere of the film would be held at Gold Coast Film Festival (GCFF) in Broadbeach, Queensland, Australia.[28][61] Scheduled for the end of the festival[54] at 4:00 PM on April 28, 2013, the film was part of the 'Cool Japan' Gold Coast lineup and included a guest appearance and discussion with Shinkai.[28][61] The film's premiere was hosted in Australia as a way of showing appreciation to Australians for their support.[28] According to the GCFF's director, the film sold out in advance and was relocated to a larger theater.[62] Despite feeling nervous about the world premiere,[17] Shinkai provided a discussion of the film[54][62][63] and asked everyone to not share the plot and story until after the Japanese release the following month.[62] Shinkai was scheduled for an hour-long movie poster signing,[62][63] but ended up staying two and a half hours to accommodate the high turnout.[62]

Following the world premiere, but ahead of the Japanese premiere on May 31, the first five minutes of the film were previewed on TV Tokyo[64][65] and NTV on May 12.[53] On May 22, it was announced on Shinkai's official Twitter account that the film would play in Japan, Hong Kong, and Taiwan at the same time and that the film would be available on iTunes on the day of the release. Additionally, the Japanese premiere would include a screening of Shinkai's short film, Dareka no Manazashi,[66] which was released earlier that same year.[67] By October, it was reported that many theaters in Japan had extended screening of the film.[32]

The official English language premiere of The Garden of Words was next shown in the United States at the Los Angeles Convention Center on July 6 and 7 as part of Anime Expo 2013. Sentai Filmworks hosted the film, and Shinkai was the Special Guest of Honor for the expo.[68] The Canadian premiere was held at Montreal's 2013 Fantasia International Film Festival, where the film was screened on July 22 and 25.[69][70] The film then returned to Australia when it screened alongside Ghost in the Shell: Arise at Madman Entertainment's Reel Anime 2013.[71][72][73]

The Garden of Words was shown in Moscow on September 27, 2013, after which Shinkai made an appearance to answer questions.[32] He also attended the UK premiere, which took place during Scotland Loves Anime 2013 in mid-October, where it was played in conjunction with Shinkai's earlier work, The Place Promised in Our Early Days.[74][75] By late February 2014, the film had been shown in 11 countries.[76] In 2014, it was showcased at Amsterdam's Imagine Film Festival in mid-April,[77] at the Stuttgart Festival of Animated Film in late-April,[78] with Dareka no Manazashi on May 21 in Italian theaters as part of the Nexo Anime project,[38] and at the Japan Film Festival of San Francisco (JFFSF) in late-July.[79]

Theatrical and home media

The film was released in digital format on iTunes on the same day as the theatrical release,[76][80] which was very unusual for a film. Furthermore, the DVD and Blu-ray were made available while the film was still playing in theaters.[80] With the Japanese premiere on May 31, the DVD and Blu-ray editions were released in Japan less than a month later, on June 21.[81][82] The DVD came with a 16-page booklet and approximately 30 minutes bonus features, including a short version of some interviews with Shinkai and the cast. The Blu-ray had similar features, except it contained 90 minutes of bonus features, including a long version of the interviews.[81]

On April 24, 2013, the video distribution company Section23[83] and the licensing company Sentai Filmworks announced their acquisition of the license and plans to release a digital version and the North American bilingual DVD and Blu-ray later in the year.[84][85][86][87] The DVD and Blu-ray were both released on August 6, 2013.[81][82][88] The Blu-ray used 1080p AVC (Advanced Video Coding) with an aspect ratio of 1.78:1 Widescreen and audio encoded with the lossless DTS-HD Master Audio codec. Its packaging did not include inserts or a reversible cover.[89]

The DVD and Blu-ray releases for the UK were licensed by Anime Limited, which was announced on October 18, 2013.[75] During the 2013 Lucca Comics & Games convention, the Italian publisher Dynit announced that it had acquired the rights to distribute the film.[38] Australian distributor Madman Entertainment released the DVD on February 19, 2014.[90] The French publishing company Kazé released a German and Japanese dubbed DVD on March 28, 2014, which also included the short film Dareka no Manazashi.[31]

Manga

A manga adaptation of the story illustrated by Midori Motohashi was serialized in Kodansha's seinen manga magazine Monthly Afternoon from April 25 to October 25, 2013.[91][92] Kodansha collected its seven chapters in a single tankōbon volume, released on November 22, 2013.[93] In February 2014, North American publisher Vertical announced at the Katsucon anime convention that it had licensed Motohashi's manga;[24][82][94] the English translation was released on October 28, 2014.[95][96]

No.Original release dateOriginal ISBNEnglish release dateEnglish ISBN
1November 22, 2013[93]978-4-06-387941-4October 28, 2014 (print)
March 8, 2016 (digital)[96]		978-1-93913-083-9 (print)
978-1-68233-238-2 (digital)
  1. "A clap of thunder" (鳴る神の, Narukamino)
  2. "When the evistal rains fall" (五月雨のころ, Samidare no Koro)
  3. "Sun Shower" (日照雨降る, Sobae Furu)
  4. "Westward Moon" (西へ行く月, Nishi e Iku Tsuki)
  1. "And no rain falls" (降らずとも, Furazutomo)
  2. "A Living Mirage" (逃げ水のひと, Nigemizu no hito)
  3. "Glowing Road" (茜さす路, Akane Sasu Michi)

Novel

With editing by Media Factory, Shinkai himself created a novelization of the story, which drew many responses on Twitter following serialization.[76] It was released in monthly installments in the September 2013[76][97][98] to April 2014 issues of Da Vinci magazine.[76][97][99] The full novel, which contained new scenes not present in the film or serialized novel chapters,[76] was published by Kadokawa Shoten on April 11, 2014.[76][100] On March 6, 2020, Yen Press announced that it has licensed the novel for North American release, which was released on August 25, 2020.[101][102]

Stage play

On October 14, 2019, it was announced that U.K. theatrical company Whole Hog Theatre is producing a stage play adaptation of the film. The play was held at Park Theatre at London's Finsbury Park in 2020, from July 15 to August 15 after previews on July 15–16. The play ran in Tokyo, and Nelke Planning was participating in production. The play was to be performed in English with "occasional Japanese," and it will feature "puppetry, movement and projection art." Alexandra Rutter, who also directed Studio Ghibli's Princess Mononoke stage play for Whole Hog Theatre, served as director and co-adapter with Susan Momoko Hingley.[103] However, the stage play postponed by the outbreak of COVID-19, but was dedicated to continue the project.[104] In April 2023, Whole Hog Theatre announced that the stage play was picked up again.[105] On May 31, 2023, it was announced that the stage play would have performances in both London and Tokyo, coinciding with the film's 10th anniversary. The London stage play ran from August 10 to September 9, starring Hiroki Berrecloth as Takao and Aki Nakagawa as Yukari, and Tokyo's performances started November 9. For the Japan run, Kurumu Okamiya and Mitsuki Tanimura were cast as Takao and Yukino respectively.[106][107][108]

Reception

Like many of Shinkai's other films, The Garden of Words was considered most appropriate for teenage and adult audiences due to its more intense and personal mood.[17] The film performed strongly at the box office, with many theaters offering extended screenings.[32][109] Because of its theatrical success, the film has been considered one of Shinkai's biggest hits.[76] Shinkai considered it one of his best films,[23] and reviews of the story in each media form were equally favorable.[80] The digital version ranked 7th on the iTunes store for Western and Japanese films by the end of 2013.[80] In the year following its initial release, it continued to be a popular at local and international film events.[109] The news and review site, ICv2, listed the DVD under "The Best of 2013: Anime".[110]

Reviews

At Anime News Network, Luke Carroll praised the film, calling it a "visual treat", but was disappointed in the short length and found Shinkai's new coloring method to be distracting.[54] Jon Hayward was impressed by the "almost photo realistic" quality of the scenery, particularly in Shinjuku Gyoen.[111] The Managing Editor, Bamboo Dong, described it as "beautifully designed and tenderly animated, it is nature eye candy at its finest."[112] She was impressed by the film's unrushed yet thorough story despite its short length and praised both the music and art. In particular, she noted the beauty of the light reflections, rain scenes, and camera angles.[113]

At UK Anime Network, Andy Hanley gave it a score of 10/10, calling it "visually beautiful with a touching story to match". He praised the natural progression of their relationship, despite the age gap, and enjoyed the emotional climax of the film. Hanley felt that The Garden of Words had a "tighter focus" than Children Who Chase Lost Voices and a better ending than 5 Centimeters Per Second, concluding it was Shinkai's best work yet.[75] Dan Rhodes called the film "a real return to form for Makoto Shinkai" following Children Who Chase Lost Voices, which he felt had been an attempt by Shinkai to live up to the common expectation of being the "next Hayao Miyazaki." He praised the film for its beauty, romance, pacing, and subtlety. Although he felt that the film's ending was an improvement over the ending to 5 Centimeters Per Second, he described it as rushed and overly emotional. However, he was very critical of the English dub, which he felt adversely affected both content and mood.[114]

Every screenshot from his new anime masterpiece The Garden of Words could be framed and hung in an art gallery... If you have never seen an anime film before, this is the perfect moment for you to immerse yourself into a whole new film experience.

— GCFF Director, Casey Marshall Siemer[28]

Bradly Halestorm at Hardcore Gamer gave it a 4.5 out of 5, describing it as "painfully intimate and touchingly sentimental" and "the single most beautiful animated film ever created". Despite the film's length, Storm was impressed that Shinkai was able to connect his audience with his characters faster and more effectively than full-length films. He worried that some viewers might miss the subtle message of the film and view it as a "by-the-books love story that can feel cliché or even trite".[55] Curtis Stone of Geekenstein gave it a 5 out of 5[46] and rated it #1 in his top five list of anime for 2013.[115] He praised not only the art and music, but especially the voice acting, which he felt was perfect for the final scene.[46] Lindsay Nelson at Midnight Eye compared the film to Whisper of the Heart by Studio Ghibli for its poetic use of "seemingly bland and uninteresting locations". She was impressed with both the sound and art, and particularly the sweeping view of the Docomo tower with the sunset in the background. However, she criticized it for its "tearfully over-the-top climax", "treacly" pop theme song, and lack of reflective silence.[116]

Andrew Hamlin at Northwest Asian Weekly gave it a 3.5 out of 4 stars, applauding its poetic use of nature while criticizing the film's brevity.[36] Trung Rwo at Twitch Film also praised the artwork and felt the film displayed "honest and fresh emotions". He described it as "clean and cute, a little bit cheesy" due to the highly emotional ending.[26] Sam at Otaku's Study gave the film an A−, describing it as an "immersive love story" and complimenting the Japanese voice acting and music.[117] Allen Moody of T.H.E.M. Anime Reviews praised the artwork and claimed it overshadowed the film's flaws, which he felt were its short length and underdeveloped story.[49] Chris Beveridge at The Fandom Post praised the artwork, but felt that the story was weak, noting the simplicity of the plot, the abrupt ending, and the awkwardness of the age difference between the two main characters.[89] Amy Wong, the editor at Yam, called it "a story of solitude and heartache that comes before love." She praised the animation as its best feature, but also enjoyed its pace, though she saw the climax as overblown.[118] Akumetsu at Anime e Manga thought the film could have been a masterpiece, but felt the plot was too straightforward, the film was too short, and the conclusion came too dramatically.[38]

Chris Beveridge at The Fandom Post reviewed the Blu-ray release, noting that the dialogue was "clean and clear" throughout the entire playback and described the high definition video as something worth showing off. He also felt the disc included a fair number of extras given the quick release.[89] Matt Hinrichs at DVD Talk felt the video made a clean transfer from digital to Blu-ray, the atmospheric sound effects were "carefully crafted", and that the dialog in the center channel was clear.[37] Dan Rhodes at UK Anime Network gave the DVD by Anime Limited a 9 out of 10, calling it a "barebones release", though praising its reversible insert.[114]

Awards and other recognition

Not only did the iTunes Store staff recommend The Garden of Words, it was selected as the Year's Best Animation in iTunes' Best of 2013.[76][80] In addition to the high acclaim on iTunes,[80] The Garden of Words won the 2013 Kobe Theatrical Film Award.[119] At the 2013 Fantasia International Film Festival, it shared the Satoshi Kon Award for Achievement in Animation with Berserk: Golden Age Arc III – Descent while winning the Audience Award for Best Animation Feature.[120][121] It was part of the Jury Selections of the 17th Japan Media Arts Festival in the Animation category.[122] At the 2014 Stuttgart Festival of Animated Film, it won the AniMovie Award for feature films.[31][78][109] The film has won the French award "Daruma Best Screenplay" at the Japan Expo Awards 2016.[123]

Storyboards, original art, and other material from The Garden of Words were exhibited between June 28 and October 19, 2014 at the Ooka Makoto Kotoba Museum in Mishima, Shizuoka Prefecture. The museum, run by Z-Kai Co., also featured Shinkai's commercial Cross Road (made for Z-Kai Co.), along with She and Her Cat and 5 Centimeters Per Second. In addition to the display materials and film viewings for each of the works, a replica of the shoes designed by Takao was also on display.[124]

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Media cited

==

언어의 정원

위키백과, 우리 모두의 백과사전.
언어의 정원
言の葉の庭
대한민국 극장 포스터
감독신카이 마코토
각본신카이 마코토
출연
촬영신카이 마코토
편집신카이 마코토
음악KASHIWA Daisuke
제작사코믹스 웨이브 필름
배급사도호
개봉일
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국가 일본
언어일본어

《언어의 정원》(言の葉の庭ことのはのにわ 고토노하노니와[*])은 신카이 마코토가 각본, 감독을 맡고, 코믹스 웨이브 필름에서 제작, 도호에서 배급한 2013년 일본 드라마 애니메이션 영화이다. 이리노 미유와 하나자와 카나가 목소리 출연, 감독의 전작과 달리 텐몬 대신 KASHIWA Daisuke가 음악을 맡았다. 주제곡 "Rain"은 1988년 오에 센리에 의해 작사, 초연되었지만, 영화를 위해 리메이크되어 하타 모토히로가 녹음했다. 영화가 개봉된 해에 모토하시 미노리가 만화화하고 신카이 마코토 본인이 소설화했다.

영화는 구두장이를 꿈꾸는 15세의 아키즈키 타카오와 27세의 여인 유키노 유카리가 비 오는 아침마다 신주쿠 교엔에서 이어가는 만남을 그린다. 타카오는 구두 디자인을 하기 위해 등교를 늦게 하고, 유키노는 직장에서의 개인적 문제 때문에 일을 나가지 않는다. 타카오가 유키노에게 구두에 대한 자신의 열정을 말하고 그녀에게 마음을 여는 동안에도 유키노는 자신의 이름을 포함해 그녀의 어떤 것도 밝히지 않는다. 타카오가 유키노에 대해 알게 될 때, 둘은 서로가 서로에게 "걷는 방법"을 가르쳐온 것을 알게 되며 감정은 절정에 이른다. 영화는 만엽집의 시와 일본 정원에서 일부 모티브를 얻었다. 신카이 감독에 따르면, 두 주인공의 나이와 행동의 차이는 어른들이 가끔 십대들보다도 성숙하지 않다고 느낄 만큼 사람들이 어색하게 성숙함을 나타낸다고 한다.

《언어의 정원》은 2013년 4월 28일 호주에서 열린 골드코스트 영화제에서 초연되었고, 2013년 5월 31일에 일본에서 개봉했다. 일본 초연에서는 신카이 감독의 단편 애니메이션 《누군가의 시선》과 함께 상영되었다. 《언어의 정원》은 일본 초연과 동시에 아이튠즈에서 공개되었고, 상영 기간 중인 6월 21일에 DVD와 블루레이가 발매되었다. 극장 반응은 상영 기간이 연장될 정도로 좋았으며 여러 국내 및 국제 영화제에서 상영되었다. 2013년 아이튠스 스토어에서 높은 순위에 올랐으며 2013년 아이튠스 최고의 애니메이션에 선정되었다. 2013년 애니메이션 고베, 국제 판타지아 영화제, 슈투트가르트 페스티벌 애니메이션 영화 부문에서 수상하였다. 온라인에서의 반응은 영화의 상영 시간, 전개, 감정 묘사에 대해서는 의견이 분분하면서도 예술성에 대한 칭찬으로 전반적으로는 긍정적이다.

《구름의 저편, 약속의 장소》, 《초속 5센티미터》의 신카이 마코토의 7번째 작품이다. 대한민국에서는 2013년 8월 14일에 개봉, 같은 해 제17회 부천국제판타스틱영화제에서 베스트 애니메이션 영화상을 수상하였다.

줄거리

《언어의 정원》은 로맨스[1] 드라마[2] 영화로 분류된다. 영화는 도쿄에 장마가 시작될 때 구두장이를 꿈꾸는 15세의 학생 아키즈키 타카오(秋月孝雄)가 신주쿠 교엔의 정원에서 구두 디자인을 스케치하기 위해 아침 시간 등교를 늦게 하는 것으로 시작한다. 그곳에서 그는 직장에 나가지 않고 초콜릿에 맥주를 즐기는 27세의 여성 유키노 유카리(雪野百香里)와 마주친다. 유키노는 그의 교복에 붙어 있는 학교 문장을 보고, 그와 작별할 때 단카를 남기면서 타카오가 그 시와 의미에 대해 궁금해하게 만든다. 비가 내리는 날마다 둘의 만남은 계속되고 둘은 서서히 친해지게 되지만, 서로 공식적으로 자신을 소개하지는 않는다. 유키노가 타카오의 구두 디자인에 관심을 보이면서, 그는 그녀의 발 사이즈에 맞는 구두를 만들기 시작한다. 장마철이 끝나면서, 타카오는 공원 방문을 끊고 그의 일에 집중한다.

なるかみの, すこしとよみて,
さしくもり,
あめもふらぬか,
きみをとどめむ
[천둥소리도 희미하게 들리고,
하늘도 구름이 끼어서,
비가 오지 않을까?
그러면 당신을 붙잡을 수 있을 텐데]

유키노, 만엽집 인용 (권11-2513)

여름방학이 끝나고, 타카오는 학교에 돌아와서 유키노를 만나게 된다. 그의 친구들은 그에게 그녀가 문학 교사이며 그동안 학교에서 소문과 괴롭힘의 대상이 되어왔다고 말해준다. 유키노는 대면을 피하기 위해, 공포를 극복하고 다시 "걸을" 수 있기를 바라며 일을 피하고 공원으로 도피한 것이다. 하지만 유키노는 결국 일을 그만두고 학교를 떠난다. 그 날 오후, 타카오는 공원에서 유키노를 만나 그가 고전 교과서에서 찾은 만엽집의 2514번째 시, 유키노의 시에 대한 답가를 읊으면서 유키노를 맞이한다. 둘은 갑작스런 소나기에 흠뻑 젖게 되어, 유키노의 아파트로 가 함께 오후를 보낸다. 타카오가 저녁을 먹으며 그녀에게 고백을 하자, 유키노는 감동하면서도 그에게 그녀가 교사임을 재확인시키며 그녀가 시코쿠의 고향으로 이사하게 된다는 것을 밝힌다. 타카오는 갑자기 아파트를 나가고, 유키노는 자신의 잘못을 깨닫고 그를 따라나서 계단에서 그와 마주친다. 타카오는 자신이 그동한 해온 말들을 취소하고 그녀의 비밀스러움과 그에게 알려주지 않는 것에 대해 화를 낸다. 유키노가 그를 껴안고서 공원에서 그와 함께 보낸 시간이 그녀를 구했다고 말하고, 둘은 서로를 껴안고 운다.

なるかみの, すこしとよみて,
ふらずとも,
わはとどまらむ,
いもしとどめば
[천둥소리만 들리고,
비가 내리지 않는다 해도,
나는 머무를 겁니다,
당신이 붙잡아 준다면]

타카오, 만엽집 인용 (권11-2514)

크레딧 장면에서는 유키노가 시코쿠에서 계속 교편을 잡을 동안 타카오가 자신의 꿈을 향해간다. 크레딧이 끝나고, 타카오는 겨울에 다시 공원에 찾아와 유키노에게 쓴 편지를 읽고 벤치에 완성된 구두를 올려놓은 후, 그의 직업에서 성공을 거둔 후 다시 그녀를 찾겠다고 맹세한다.

주요 등장인물

  • 아키즈키 타카오(秋月孝雄)
구두장이를 목표로 하는 15세의 고등학교 1학년 학생. 구두 관련 전문학교를 진학하기 위해 아르바이트까지 하고 있다. 비가 오는 날이면 오전 중에는 학교에 가지 않고, 정원에 앉아 구두의 디자인을 스케치한다. 성우는 이리노 미유, 한국어판 성우는 심규혁, 영어판 성우는 패트릭 풀(Patrick Poole). 어린 시절 장면의 성우는 세키네 와타루, 영어판 성우는 블레이크 셰퍼드(Blake Shepard).
  • 유키노 유카리(雪野百香里)
타카오가 비 내리는 날 정원에서 만난 27세의 의문의 여성. 정원에서 혼자 술을 마시다가 타카오와 처음 만나게 된다. 타카오는 이후 그녀가 그의 고등학교 고전 교사라는 것과 그녀가 그녀를 괴롭히는 학생들 때문에 일에 나가지 않는다는 것을 알게 된다. 성우는 하나자와 카나, 한국어판 성우는 공경은, 영어판 성우는 매기 플레크노(Maggie Flecknoe). 신카이 마코토의 다른 작품 《너의 이름은.》에서도 등장한다.
  • 타카오의 어머니
타카오의 47세 어머니. 타카오의 아버지와 이혼한 후 가족보다는 새 연인에 더 관심을 가진다. 성우는 히라노 후미(平野文), 한국어판 성우는 공경은, 영어판 성우는 셸리 컬린블랙.
  • 아키즈키 쇼타(秋月翔太)
타카오의 26세 형. 작중 연인과 함께 살기 위해 분가한다. 타카오의 구두 디자인을 그저 신기하게 생각한다. 성우는 마에다 다케시, 한국어판 성우는 장민혁, 영어판 성우는 크래시 부이스트(Crash Buist).
  • 쇼타의 연인
타카오 형의 24세 연인. 타카오에게 상냥하게 대하고 그의 구두 디자인에 관심을 보인다. 성우는 테라사키 유카, 한국어판 성우는 이명희, 영어판 성우는 브리트니 카바우스키.
  • 마츠모토(松本)
타카오의 친구이자 사토의 남자친구. 성우는 이노우에 스구루, 한국어판 성우는 김상백, 영어판 성우는 마이크 예거(Mike Yager).
  • 사토(佐藤)
타카오의 친구이자 마츠모토의 여자친구. 2학년이다. 성우는 한 메구미(潘めぐみ), 한국어판 성우는 선은혜, 영어판 성우는 앨리슨 섬럴(Allison Sumrall).
  • 아이자와(相沢)
타카오의 학교의 3학년생. 유키노의 문제에 원인을 제공한다. 성우는 코마츠 미카코, 영어판 성우는 힐러리 헤이그.

한국판 성우진

제작

Shinjuku Gyoen National Garden
Bench in Shinjuku Gyoen
영화는 배경을 신주쿠로 하고 신주쿠 교엔에서의 장면을 포함한다.

《언어의 정원》은 각본과 감독 모두 신카이 마코토가 맡아 진행했다. 그는 또한 스토리보드, 애니메이션 구성, 키 애니메이션, 편집에 전반적으로 관여했다.[3] 신카이 감독에 따르면, 제작에 있어서의 그의 폭넓은 개입은 제작사의 규모가 크지 않은 것과 그의 생각을 영화에 더 정확히 담아내기 위해 많은 요소들을 다루게 된 것 때문이다.[4]

영화는 신카이 크리에이티브와 코믹스 웨이브 필름에서 제작되었고, 프로듀서는 카와구치 노리타카였다.[5] 애니메이션 감독 츠치야 켄이치는 캐릭터 디자인을, 타키구치 히로시는 미술감독을 맡았다.[6] [7] 영화에 대한 계획은 2012년 봄에 시작되었고 같은 해 12월 24일에 공개되었다. 일본 개봉은 제작 초반부터 2013년 전반기로 예정되었다.[8] 제작은 신카이 감독의 신주쿠 인근 로케이션 탐색으로 시작하여 6개월밖에 걸리지 않았다. 제작은 그가 촬영한 사진을 기반으로 스토리보드를 제작한 이후 공식적으로 제작이 시작되었다.[9]

신카이 감독은 2013년 초에 영화의 만화화에 대해 언급했으며, 만화화는 모토하시 미도리에 의해 이루어졌다.[10] 같은 해 4월, 신카이 감독은 자신이 만화화에 참여하고 있지 않으며, 작업을 만화가에게 맡겼다고 언급했다. 하지만 완성된 만화에는 분명 관심을 가졌다.[11]

영감, 모티브 및 은유

제작 초반 신카이 감독의 발언에 따르면, 《언어의 정원》은 그가 일본의 전통적인 "사랑"의 의미를 이용해 이야기를 만들어보려 한 첫 시도였다. 만엽집의 시대에, 현대에 야마토 고토바(大和言葉)로 알려진 일본 고유어는 한자로 쓰여지기 시작했고, "사랑"을 뜻하는 단어 코이(恋)는 孤悲("고독의 슬픔")으로 쓰였다.[12][13] 신카이 감독이 밝혔듯, 연애(恋愛)로 대표되는 더 현대적인 사랑의 개념은 서양의 영향을 받았다.[14] 《언어의 정원》은 코이의 본래적 의미—"고독 속에서 누군가를 기다림"—를 현대를 배경으로 강조한다.[8][15] 신카이 감독에 따르면, 고독은 영화의 주요한 요소이다. 한 인터뷰에서, 그는 사회 관계에서 고독이나 불완전함을 느끼는 이들을 위로하고픈 소망을 가지고 영화를 제작했다고 언급했다. 하지만, 그는 "이 영화는 고독을 반드시 고쳐져야 하는 것으로 다루지 않는다"는 것을 강조했다.[16]

미술(위)은 사진(아래)을 기반으로 하여 표현되었다.

이야기는 고독을 주제로 하면서도, 만엽집의 시 및 배경인 일본 정원과 함께 구두와 비를 모티브로 한다.[17] 비는 슬프고 어둡게 보이기도 하지만, 《언어의 정원》에서는 세상을 더 활기차게 하며 삶의 현실과 사회에서의 어려움으로부터 두 주인공을 보호한다.[18] 신카이 감독은 사랑과 비의 공통점도 강조했다—둘 다 통제되거나 멈춰질 수 없다는 것이다.[19]

신카이 감독에 따르면, 구두는 유키노가 다시 걷는 법을 배우고 타카오의 구두 제작이 그들의 관계를 특징짓는 동안의 삶을 의미한다.[9][4] 마찬가지로, 유키노의 음식과 음료 선택—스트레스성 미각 장애로 인한 처음의 맥주와 초콜릿—은 그녀의 정신적 건강 상태를 의미한다.[9]

신카이 감독의 영화 다수에서, 오해와 짝사랑으로 인한 슬픈 결말이 자주 등장한다. 신카이 감독에 따르면, 그의 이야기들은 흔하게 일어나는 이러한 경험을 대할 수 있도록 십대들을 위로하기 위해서이다.[9] 한 인터뷰에서, 그는 여자에게 거절당하는 것에 익숙해졌으며, 그의 이야기들은 등장인물들이 비록 사랑에서는 성공적이지 못하지만, 계속 도전하기 때문에 힘이 나게 한다고 느껴진다고 언급했다.[20] 《언어의 정원》은 사람들이 얼마나 우리가 생각하는 것처럼 순조롭고 아름답게 성장하지 않는지를 묘사했다. 신카이 감독 자신도 "우리는 27세의 나이에도 아직 모두 어린아이"라고 언급하며 27세의 나이에도 똑똑하거나 성숙하다고 느끼지 못하는 유키노와 자신을 비교할 수 있었으며,[21] 하나자와 카나 성우도 그 점에 동의했다.[22]

《언어의 정원》의 초기 구상은 현대 도쿄의 일상적 풍경의 아름다움을 영화에 담아 보여주고 싶다는 신카이 감독의 소망에서 비롯되었다. 신주쿠에서 10년을 거주하면서,[11][23] 그는 영화의 로케이션을 그곳으로 선택하고, 스토리보드 제작을 위해 수천 장의 사진을 찍기 시작했다.[9] 그가 좋아하는 일본 내 장소들의 평화와 조화를 공유하고 싶어하며 영화가 사람들의 방문을 이끌어 줄 거라고 희망하면서,[4] 신카이 감독은 영화 내 정원을 신주쿠 교엔을 모델로 했다.[24] 3.11 대지진 이후, 그는 그곳이 파괴될지 모른다고 걱정하며 애니메이션 영화 안에 보존하고 싶어 했다.[3]

애니메이션

등장 인물의 피부에 나타난 빛의 굴절을 그려내기 위해 새로운 채색 기법을 사용했다.

다른 일본 아니메와 같이, 《언어의 정원》은 셀 애니메이션, 로토스코프, 그리고 영화의 비 장면의 사실적 표현을 가능하게 하는 컴퓨터 애니메이션(CGI)이 결합되어 제작되었다. 신카이 감독은 영화 배경의 절반을 그의 사진을 기반으로 그 위에 어도비 포토샵을 이용해 그리는 방식으로 제작했으며, 나머지 절반은 전통 애니메이션 기법과 컴퓨터 그래픽으로 탄생한 가상의 장소이다.[9] 그의 다른 영화들과 같이, 배경은 생기 있고 섬세하게 그려진 풍경이며 등장 인물들은 덜 자세하게 그려지긴 했지만 그래도 현실적이고 사실적이다.[3]

공원의 비 오는 장면을 위해서, 채색의 채도가 낮춰졌으며, 옅은 녹색의 셰이딩이 우울한 비 오는 날씨에 맞추어 사용되어,[3] 디테일을 살리고 등장 인물을 강조한다. 톤을 배경에 맞추고 조명을 더한 것은 등장 인물의 얼굴을 강조하는 데 도움이 되었다.[25] 신카이 감독에 따르면, 새로운 채색 기법이 세심한 시험을 거쳐 선택되었다. 그 기법에는, 피부에 나타난 빛의 굴절을 자연스럽게 그려내는 "새롭고 혁신적인" 기법 및 각 등장 인물과 배경의 채색을 결합시키는 것이 포함되었다. 이것은, 빛과 그림자 부분을 분리하기 위한 선을 포함하는 등장 인물의 윤곽을 칠하고 배경의 색을 표면에 더함으로써 이루어졌다. 신카이 감독은 이 채색 기법이 애니메이션을 여러 작품 중에서 돋보이게 만들었다고 느꼈다.[26]

캐릭터 디자인과 캐스팅

신카이 감독은 원래 타카오를 사람들을 돕고 싶어하는 소년으로 구상했으나,[9] 창조적인 작업이 보람과 성취감이 있는 활동이 될 수 있기에 무언가를 만드는 것에 대한 열정을 가져야 한다고 느꼈다. 제작품에 대한 리스트에서, 그는 "구두"라는 단어를 골랐다. 그것을 스토리 초안에서 시험해 보고 나서, 그는 잘 맞는다는 걸 확인했고, 나중에 구두장이들도 사람들이 걷는 걸 도와준다는 것을 깨달았다.[27]

원래의 이야기를 나머지 팀원들에게 공개할 때, 신카이 감독은 의도치 않게 유키노가 이기적으로 다가올 수 있겠다는 걸 알게 되었다.[11] 이를 해결하기 위해, 그는 그녀의 성격에, 불편한 사건이 있을 때 그녀가 감정에 넘치는 등의 불안한 행동과 감정 기복을 더했다.[28] 신카이 감독은 나중에 유키노에게서 보이는 이렇게 특이한 성격과 가끔의 직업상 어려움이, 그가 자신의 단편 영화 《그녀와 그녀의 고양이》를 주었던 전 연인에게서 보였다는 것을 깨달았다.[9] 또한 유키노의 성격을 더 현실적으로 만들면서, 이러한 감정 기복은 그녀가 기복과 함께 어린 소년에게 매력 있게 보여야 하기 때문에 더욱 기획하기 어렵게 만들었다.[21][28] 신카이 감독이 그녀에게 주목한 한 가지는 그녀의 외모였다. 그는 그녀가 멋진 옷차림으로, 특히 좋은 구두를 신고 있어야 한다고 느꼈다. 옷차림을 현실에 맞추기 위해, 그는 제화를 연구했고, 의상 코디네이터 및 스타일리스트와 함께 일했으며, 주마다 그의 스태프와 의상 회의를 했다.[28]

유키노의 성격에서 "복잡하고 사실적인 요소들" 중 하나는 그녀의 목소리만이 담을 수 있는 그녀의 순수한 감정이었다. 오디션 녹음 테이프를 듣는 데 며칠이나 걸린 끝에, 신카이 감독은 마침내 주로 매우 높은 소리의 어린 소녀들 역을 맡지만 본래 목소리는 낮은 하나자와 카나를 선택했다. 하나자와 성우의 목소리가 신카이 감독에게 인상을 남긴 한 가지는 매우 다양한 범위를 표현할 수 있는 그녀의 능력이었다.[21]

신카이 감독이 하나자와 성우를 캐스팅한 것을 기쁘게 여기게 한 것은 영화의 마지막 장면이었다. 신카이 감독은 유키노가 울 때, 감정의 지속적인 분출을 강조하기 위해 인상적이어야 한다는 것을 알고 있었다. 신카이 감독에 따르면, 음악만으로는 필요한 효과를 만들 수 없었지만, 하나자와 성우는 지도 없이도 완벽한 연기를 보여주었다. 한 인터뷰에서 그는, "저는 저 우는 장면에서의 하나자와 씨의 연기만이 영화를 완성시켰다고 믿습니다."라고 언급했다.[29] 이 마지막 장면은, 첫 테이크로 완벽하게 녹음되었으며,[30] 타카오의 성우 캐스팅에 중심적인 역할을 했다. 많은 일본의 성우들이 순진한 15세 소년을 연기할 수 있음에도, 신카이 감독은 이리노 미유만이 마지막 장면에서의 지속적인 감정을 만들어낼 수 있다는 것을 알았다.[31] 이리노 성우는 신카이 감독의 《별을 쫓는 아이》에서 슌과 신 역을 맡았다.[32]

상영 시간

《언어의 정원》은 약 46분 정도의 길이로,[9][11] 신카이 감독의 초기작들에서 보였던 짧은 길이의 경향을 따른다.[9] 비록 그가 애니메 뉴스 네트워크와의 한 인터뷰에서 짧은 영화를 만드는 것이 좋다고 밝혔지만, 신카이 감독은 원래 영화의 계획은 극장에서 상영되는 것이 아니었다는 것을 강조했다. 그 대신, 그는 사람들이 평상에시 태블릿, 컴퓨터, 홈시어터에서 간편히 보게 하는 것을 의도했다.[11] 의도했던 상영 시간은 제작 초기부터 특정되지는 않았고, 대신 제작 초기부터 영화가 짧으리라고 예상되더라도 타카오와 유키노의 관계가 강조되었다.[9][4]

신카이 감독은 46분짜리 영화를 극장에서 팔기는 어렵다고 인정했다;[9] 하지만, 영화 산업계의 많은 이들이 영화를 극장과 시사회에서 상영하는 것을 요청해왔다.[11] 애니메 엑스포 2013에서의 한 인터뷰에서, 영화의 배급사 도호의 대표인은 이야기의 질과 감독의 평판이 영화를 극장으로 가져오는 결정에서 중요한 역할을 했다는 것을 강조했다.[9]

음악

신카이 감독의 전작들에서, 음악은 텐몬에 의해 제작되었다;[33] 하지만, 《언어의 정원》은 KASHIWA Daisuke의 음악을 들려준다.[5][6][7] 그는 신카이 감독의 《초속 5센티미터》의 팬이었고 그에게 자신의 앨범 몇 장을 보냈다. 신카이 감독은 각본을 작성하면서 이 노래를 듣고 그중 한 앨범의 곡들을 영화 음악의 기반으로 정했다. 한 인터뷰에서, 신카이 감독은 그 음악은 영화를 "다른 애니메이션과는 다르게" 만드는 데 기본적으로 일조했다고 언급했다.[34]

테마곡 "Rain"은 오에 센리가 작사, 작곡한 곡으로,[6][7] 원래 유명한 1988년의 일본 곡이었다.[35][36][37] 신카이 감독은 대학 생활 중 종종 오에의 곡을 듣는 걸 즐겼고, 영화의 테마 중 하나가 비이므로, 그가 제작에 임할 당시 가장 마음에 와닿은 곡이었다. 그는 특히 가사가 영화와 같이 일상생활을 담아서 그 곡을 좋아했다.[34] 곡은 영화를 위해 2013년에 다시 만들어졌고, 하타 모토히로가 불렀다.[35][34] 신카이 감독은 하타와 가끔 만나 하타의 예술가로서의 열정과 타카오의 그러한 점이 비슷하다는 데 주목했다. 신카이 감독은 하타의 목소리가 그에게 "내재한 고독"을 전하고 "약간 불안해하는 소년 같은 소리"였기에 완벽했다고 느꼈다.[34]

만엽집의 단카

なるかみの　すこしとよみて　さしくもり　あめもふらぬか　きみをとどめむ (만요가나)

鳴る神の　少し響みて　さし曇り　雨も降らぬか　君を留めむ (한자)

雷神の音がかすかに響いて、空も曇って雨も降ってこないかしらねえ。そうすれば、あなたのお帰りを引き留めましょうに。(현대 역어)

— (권11-2513)

유키노가 읊은 시. 현대어풍으로 해석하자면 다음과 같다. "천둥소리도 희미하게 들리고 하늘도 구름이 끼어서 비가 오지 않을까? 그러면 당신이 돌아가지 않도록 붙잡아 둘 수 있을 텐데"

이에 대한 타카오의 답가는 다음과 같다.

なるかみの　すこしとよみて　ふらずとも　わはとどまらむ　いもしとどめば (만요가나)

鳴る神の　少し響みて　降らずとも　我は留まらむ　妹し留めば (한자)

雷が少し轟き、雨が降らなくても、私は留まりますよ。あなたが引きとめて下されば。(현대 역어)

— (권11-2514)

현대어풍으로 해석하자면 "천둥소리만 들리고 비가 내리지 않는다 해도 나는 머무를 겁니다. 당신이 붙잡아 준다면"이다.

소설판에서 두 시는 각각

"우렛소리 희미하고 구름이 끼고 비라도 내리면 그대 붙잡으련만(11권 2513)"

"우렛소리 희미하고 비가 오지 않아도 나는 여기 머무르오 그대 가지 마라 하시면(11권 2514)"

으로 나타내어진다.

첫 시에서 여자는 비를 핑계로 남자와 조금 더 있고자 한다. 그에 대해 남자는 비가 오지 않아도 그대가 원한다면 이곳에 남아 있겠다, 하고 답한다. 이 영화에서 타카오와 유키노의 만남의 계기는 다름 아닌 "비"이다. 처음에는 비오는 공원에서 우연히 만났을 뿐이지만, 그 만남이 이어지면서 둘은 점점 가까워진다. 타카오에게 유키노는 자신의 꿈을 처음으로 밝힌 상대였고, 유키노에게 타카오는 암담한 상황에 놓여 있던 자신을 편견 없이 대해 준 상대였다. 둘을 둘러싼 환경 모두 좋지 않았으며, 그렇기에 두 사람은 더욱 서로에게 깊은 감정을 느꼈을 것이다. 하지만 12살이라는 나이 차이와 교사와 학생이라는 신분 차이로 인해 둘은 서로의 마음을 전하지 못한 채 장마가 끝나 버린다. 비를 핑계로 이어 오던 두 사람의 만남은 끝을 맞았고, 서로를 볼 수 없었던 여름 방학 동안 서로를 그리워한다. 둘 사이를 이어 줄 수 있는 것은 비밖에 없었기에, 그 비가 끊기자 두 사람의 관계도 끝이 나 버린 것이다.

두 번째 시, 곧 남자의 답가에 대응하는 상황은 엔딩 장면이다. 남자는 "비가 오지 않아도 그대가 원한다면 남겠다"고 하며, 이는 비가 아닌 두 사람의 감정을 토대로 만남을 이어가겠다는 뜻으로도 해석할 수 있다. 엔딩 장면 직전, 유키노는 타카오에 대한 자신의 감정을 확인한다. 그 감정을, 그 말을 전하기 위해 유키노는 맨발로 뛰쳐 나간다. 엔딩 장면에서 타카오는 유키노에게 울면서 화를 내고, 유키노는 그런 타카오의 말에 계단을 뛰어내려가 그에게 안긴다. 이때 줌 아웃되면서 주위의 풍경이 나타나는데, 해가 보이고 햇빛이 둘을 비추는 동시에 비가 약하게 오고 있다. 이는 비를 만남의 계기로 삼았던 이전과는 달리, 비가 오지 않아도, 두 사람의 감정만을, 서로에 대한 사랑만을 토대로 관계를 이어 나가게 됨을 뜻하기도 한다.

제작 스태프

  • 원작, 각본, 감독 : 신카이 마코토
  • 작화감독, 캐릭터 디자인: 츠치야 켄이치(土屋堅一)
  • 미술감독 : 타키구치 히로시(滝口比呂志)
  • 음악 : KASHIWA Daisuke
  • 이미지송 : 〈言ノ葉〉, 작사, 작곡, 편곡: 하타 모토히로 노래: 하타 모토히로
    엔딩 테마 : 〈Rain〉, 작사, 작곡 : 오에 센리(大江千里) 노래: 하타 모토히로
  • 제작/저작 : Shinkai Creative, 코믹스 웨이브 필름
  • 배급 : 도호 영상사업부

수상

아이튠스 스토어 스태프가 《언어의 정원》을 추천했을 뿐 아니라, 영화가 2013년 아이튠스 최고의 애니메이션에 선정되었다.[38][39] 아이튠스에서의 높은 칭송에 더해,[39] 《언어의 정원》은 2013 애니메이션 고베에서 수상작에 올랐다.[40] 2013 국제 판타지아 영화제에서는 애니메이션 장편 부문 관객상과 동시에 사토시 콘 상을 《베르세르크 황금시대편》과 공동으로 수상했다.[41] [42] 2014 슈투트가르트 애니메이션 영화 페스티벌에서는 애니메이션 장편 영화 부문에서 수상했다.[18][43][44]

각주

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  2. “Madman Entertainment – The Garden of Words”. Madman Entertainment Pty. Ltd. 2013. 2017년 2월 4일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2017년 2월 4일에 확인함.
  3. Webb, Cynthia (2013년 6월 2일). “Love in a Japanese garden”. The Jarkarta Post. 2017년 2월 6일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2017년 2월 5일에 확인함.
  4. Yamamura, Hiroko (2013년 9월 20일). “Japanator Interviews: Makoto Shinkai”. Japanator. 2016년 8월 10일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2017년 2월 5일에 확인함.
  5. 《The Garden of Words Blu-ray》 (Liner notes). Makoto Shinkai. CoMix Wave Films. 2013. ISBN 978-1-6161-5397-7.
  6. “Makoto Shinkai's The Garden of Words trailer posted with subtitles”. Anime News Network. 2013년 2월 20일. 2017년 1월 1일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2017년 2월 10일에 확인함.
  7. G-Rodiles, Salvador (2013년 2월 21일). “The Garden of Words trailer looks like a garden of feet”. Japanator. 2016년 3월 4일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2017년 2월 10일에 확인함.
  8. “Distant Star's Makoto Shinkai makes Kotonoha no Niwa anime film”. Anime News Network. 2012년 12월 23일. 2016년 11월 13일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2017년 2월 10일에 확인함.
  9. “Anime Expo 2013: Makoto Shinkai Q&A”. Anime News Network. 2013년 7월 8일. 2017년 2월 9일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2017년 2월 10일에 확인함.
  10. Green, Scott (2014년 2월 16일). “Vertical licenses "AJIN" and "Garden of Words" manga”. Crunchyroll. 2017년 2월 11일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2017년 2월 10일에 확인함.
  11. Carroll, Luke (2013년 4월 30일). “Interview: Makoto Shinkai”. Anime News Network. 2017년 2월 11일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2017년 2월 10일에 확인함.
  12. Shinkai, Makoto (2013). “보관된 사본” Other voices – 新作アニメーション「言の葉の庭」によせて、思うこと [Other voices – Proud Future Theater: A preface and thoughts on the new animation The Garden of Words] (일본어). CoMix Wave Films. 2017년 1월 26일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2017년 2월 10일에 확인함.
  13. Rwo, Trung (2013년 6월 17일). “Review: Shinkai Makoto's GARDEN OF WORDS Is cheesy, but has heart”. Twitch Film. 2014년 11월 18일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2017년 2월 10일에 확인함.
  14. Ryang 2006, 13–14쪽.
  15. “The Gold Coast Film Festival announces WORLD PREMIERE of The Garden of Words”. Anime News Network. 2013년 4월 4일. 2017년 2월 11일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2017년 2월 10일에 확인함.
  16. Director and Cast Interview (Blu-ray) 2013, 27:51.
  17. The Works of Makoto Shinkai (Blu-ray) 2013, 7:28.
  18. Brox, Jennifer (2014년 6월 25일). “DVD: The Garden of Words (Limited Edition)” (독일어). AnimePro. 2017년 2월 11일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2017년 2월 10일에 확인함.
  19. Kaze (2013). “Kotonoha no Niwa: Lonely Sadness”. Beneath the Tangles. 2017년 2월 11일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2017년 2월 10일에 확인함.
  20. “Shinkai's 'The Garden of Words' screened in Moscow”. The Asahi Shimbun. 2013년 10월 19일. 2014년 11월 18일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2017년 2월 15일에 확인함.
  21. Director and Cast Interview (Blu-ray) 2013, 14:30.
  22. Director and Cast Interview (Blu-ray) 2013, 23:00.
  23. Director and Cast Interview (Blu-ray) 2013, 45:36.
  24. Hamlin, Andrew (2013년 9월 27일). “In The Garden of Words”. 《Northwest Asian Weekly》. 2017년 2월 15일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2017년 2월 15일에 확인함.
  25. Akumetsu (2014년 5월 29일). “Il Giardino delle Parole” [The Garden of Words] (이탈리아어). Anime and Manga. 2017년 2월 16일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2017년 2월 15일에 확인함.
  26. Director and Cast Interview (Blu-ray) 2013, 46:34.
  27. Director and Cast Interview (Blu-ray) 2013, 2:00.
  28. Director and Cast Interview (Blu-ray) 2013, 6:45.
  29. Director and Cast Interview (Blu-ray) 2013, 25:53.
  30. Director and Cast Interview (Blu-ray) 2013, 27:00.
  31. Director and Cast Interview (Blu-ray) 2013, 12:35.
  32. Director and Cast Interview (Blu-ray) 2013, 11:47.
  33. Stone, Curtis (2013). “Garden of Words (Kotonoha no Niwa) review”. Geekenstein. 2014년 11월 18일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2017년 2월 16일에 확인함.
  34. Director and Cast Interview (Blu-ray) 2013, 32:10.
  35. Hinrichs, Matt (2013년 7월 9일). “The Garden of Words (Blu-ray)”. DVD Talk. 2017년 2월 17일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2017년 2월 16일에 확인함.
  36. The Works of Makoto Shinkai (Blu-ray) 2013, 8:56.
  37. Moody, Allen (2013). “The Garden of Words”. T.H.E.M. Anime Reviews. 2017년 2월 17일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2017년 2월 16일에 확인함.
  38. “Director Makoto Shinkai adapts his biggest hit The Garden of Words into a novel himself!”. Tokyo Otaku Mode. 2014년 2월 22일. 2016년 5월 29일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2017년 2월 16일에 확인함.
  39. “The Garden of Words chosen as Best Animation on the iTunes Best of 2013 list”. Tokyo Otaku Mode. 2013년 12월 28일. 2017년 2월 17일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2017년 2월 16일에 확인함.
  40. “보관된 사본” ァニメ一ション神戸賞 [Animation Kobe Award] (일본어). Committee of Animation Kobe. 2013년 10월 23일. 2014년 11월 18일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2017년 2월 16일에 확인함.
  41. “Garden of Words, Berserk, Kick-Heart win at Montreal's Fantasia fest”. Anime News Network. 2013년 8월 8일. 2016년 12월 5일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2017년 2월 16일에 확인함.
  42. “FANTASIA 2013 AWARD WINNERS! « Ztélé presents Fantasia 2014”. Fantasia Festival. 2013년 8월 8일. 2017년 2월 15일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2017년 2월 16일에 확인함.
  43. “Garden of Words wins Stuttgart Fest of Animated Film's top award”. Anime News Network. 2014년 4월 29일. 2017년 2월 18일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2017년 2월 16일에 확인함.
  44. “ANIME NEWS: Makoto Shinkai's 'Garden of Words' wins big at Stuttgart festival”. 《The Asahi Shimbun》. Anime Anime Japan Ltd. 2014년 5월 22일. 2014년 11월 18일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2017년 2월 16일에 확인함.

참고 문헌

외부 링크

==

言の葉の庭

出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
言の葉の庭
The Garden of Words
監督新海誠
脚本新海誠
原作新海誠
製作川口典孝
出演者入野自由
花澤香菜
音楽KASHIWA Daisuke
主題歌秦基博「Rain」
（オーガスタレコード／アリオラジャパン）
撮影新海誠
編集新海誠
製作会社新海クリエイティブ
コミックス・ウェーブ・フィルム
配給東宝映像事業部
公開日本の旗 香港の旗 中華民国の旗 中華人民共和国の旗 2013年5月31日
大韓民国の旗 2013年8月14日
上映時間46分
製作国日本の旗 日本
言語日本語
興行収入1億5000万円（推定）
テンプレートを表示

『言の葉の庭』（ことのはのにわ）は、新海誠監督のアニメーション映画。2013年5月31日公開[1][2]。キャッチコピーは『“愛”よりも昔、“孤悲”のものがたり』。

概要

『星を追う子ども』から2年ぶりとなる、新海の5作目の劇場用アニメーション映画。新海の初めての「恋」の物語と銘打っており、『万葉集』を引用している。『万葉集』の表現の研究者である倉住薫（大妻女子大学・文学部・日本文学科 助教授）が協力している[3]。

背景は雨が重要な要素を担っている。「雨は3人目のキャラクターといっていいくらいウエイトがある」と新海は語っており[4]、シーンの約8割が雨のシーンで構成されている。2013年5月31日より日本全国・台湾・香港・中国大陸（LETVのネットワーク放送）で同時公開となり、公開日より劇場限定でBlu-ray Disc・DVDの先行発売が行われている。一般発売は6月21日[2]。iTunes Storeでも公開日より配信されている。当初の予定では劇場公開する予定はなく、配信やDVDのみの小規模な短編作品の予定だったが、最終的には劇場公開という形になった。

『月刊アフタヌーン』（講談社）2013年6月号から12月号まで、本橋翠作画による漫画版が連載された（単行本は全1巻、2013年11月22日発売）。また、メディアファクトリー刊『ダ・ヴィンチ』2013年8月号から2014年4月号まで小説版が連載された。同誌は『秒速5センチメートル』の小説版も刊行しており、執筆も同様に新海自身が手がけた。

2013年2月に野村不動産グループ『プラウドボックス感謝祭』にて公開された、新海が監督したショートフィルム『だれかのまなざし』が同時上映で公開[5]。このショートフィルムはDVDやBlu-ray Discには収録されていないが、2013年9月5日から2014年1月12日までYouTubeで公開されていた[6]。

7月6日にはアメリカ・ロサンゼルス開催のアニメ・エキスポで、7月19日にはプチョン国際ファンタスティック映画祭でプレミア上映された[7]。2014年5月18日には英国映画協会（BFI）が主催のロンドンで開催されるアニメーション映画祭「Anime Weekend」にて上映。

2017年3月4日、『君の名は。』のヒットに伴う「新海誠特集 第一弾」としてテレビ朝日系列で地上波初放送された[8]。また2018年1月2日深夜（1月3日朝）には、『君の名は。』の地上波初放送を記念して二度目の放送が行われた[9]。いずれも関東地区のみの放送だった。

劇中でタカオがユキノのために作った靴は実物も製作されていて、劇場などに展示されている[10]。商品化の予定は不明。

2023年、『言の葉の庭～The Garden of Words～』として、舞台化されることが決定。イギリスと日本で2つの制作会社がそれぞれ制作することとなり、演出はロンドン公演と東京公演ともにイギリスの演出家、アレクサンドラ・ラターが手掛ける。ロンドン公演は8月と9月、東京公演では11月に岡宮来夢と谷村美月の主演で上演された[11]。

ストーリー

モデルとなった新宿御苑、東屋のベンチ。本作の最後で、新宿御苑がモデルであることと、実際は飲酒禁止という注意書きが表示される。現在では中央の灰皿は撤去されている。

靴職人を目指す高校生のタカオ（秋月孝雄）は、雨の日の午前には決まって授業をサボり、庭園のベンチで靴のデザインを考えていた。梅雨入り前のある雨の日、タカオはいつものベンチへ向かうと、チョコレートをつまみにビールを飲む女性ユキノ（雪野百香里）に出会う。タカオはユキノに見覚えがあるような気がしたためどこかで会ったことはないかと尋ねるも彼女は否定し、『万葉集』の短歌 「雷神の 少し響みて さし曇り 雨も降らぬか きみを留めむ」 を言い残して去っていった。

その後、2人の住む関東は本格的に梅雨入りし、雨の日の午前だけのささやかな交流がはじまる。タカオは心に秘めていた靴職人になる夢を語り、ある理由から味覚障害を患うユキノはタカオの作る弁当の料理に味を感じるようになる。ユキノは弁当のお礼にとタカオに「靴作りの本」をプレゼントし、タカオはユキノのために靴を作ることに決め、おそるおそる彼女の足を採寸する。

その後、梅雨が明け、しばらくの間2人は逢わなくなる。夏休みに入ったタカオは、靴の製作費と、進学を考えている靴の専門学校の学費を稼ぐためバイトに明け暮れていた。一方ユキノはいつもの庭園で過ごし、晴れの日のここは知らない場所みたいだと思う。

夏休みが終わり、2学期になった夏のある日、タカオは学校でユキノとすれ違い、ユキノが古文の教師だったこと、生徒たちの嫌がらせによって退職に追い込まれたことを知る。タカオは嫌がらせの首謀者である3年の女生徒、相沢に会いに行くが、彼女は悪びれもせずユキノを中傷する。かっとなったタカオは相沢の頬を叩くが、彼女の取り巻きの男子生徒に返り討ちにされてしまい顔面に怪我を負う。

後日庭園でタカオはユキノに再会し、万葉集の返し歌 「雷神の 少し響みて 降らずとも 吾は留まらむ 妹し留めば」 を口にする。タカオから「ユキノ先生」と呼ばれたユキノは、自身に気づくと思ったからあの短歌を詠んだのだと語り、怪我の理由を問われたタカオは先日の上級生との諍いを告げず曖昧に濁す。互いに立場を知り複雑な表情を浮かべていたが、急な土砂降りに遭い、傘を持たない2人はユキノのマンションへ避難する。

濡れた服を乾かしている間にタカオは料理を作り、ユキノがコーヒーを淹れる。他愛のない会話で笑い、心休まるひと時を過ごす2人は、今が一番幸せだと感じる。そしてタカオから自身への好意を打ち明けられたユキノは一瞬頬を染め目を逸らすが、地元の四国に帰ることを告げ、高校生の彼に対し一線を引いた大人の対応をとり、部屋を出ていく彼を無言で見送る。残されたユキノはコーヒーが冷めたあともタカオと今まで過ごした雨の中の日々を回想して涙を流し、去っていった彼を裸足で追いかける。マンションの階段で立ち止まるタカオを見つけて駆け寄ろうとするが、「さっきの告白は忘れてください、やっぱりあなたのことが嫌いだ」と撥ね付けられてしまう。強がりから自身の気持ちを否定するタカオは、ずっと立場を隠していたうえ靴職人の夢を無責任に応援していたユキノに対して涙ながらに怒りをぶつける。真っすぐに自身を見ていてくれたタカオの気持ちと言葉を受け、ユキノも込み上げる思いをぶつけ、互いに涙を流し合う。

季節は変わって冬、2人で過ごした庭園は雪に包まれていた。ユキノと別れてからも1人庭園へ通うタカオの元には、地元の四国で教師に復帰した彼女から手紙が来るようになっていた。タカオは完成したユキノへの靴を手にとり、あの雨の庭の中、自分たちは歩く練習をしていたのだと追想し、もっと遠くまで歩けるようになったら彼女に会いに行こうと決めた。

登場人物

秋月 孝雄（あきづき たかお）【タカオ】
声 - 入野自由 / 関根航（子供時代）
主人公。高校1年生だが将来は靴職人を目指しており、時間さえあれば靴制作に没頭し、手作りのモカシンを履いている。
雨が好きで、雨の日は地下鉄に乗り換えずに歩いて庭園へ向かい、午前の授業をサボって靴のデザインを考えている。
靴の専門学校への進学費用のため、中華料理店でアルバイトをしている。料理が得意で、学校にも弁当を持参している。
自由奔放な母親と、社会人の兄との3人暮らしだったが、物語中盤で兄が彼女と同棲するため家を出る。
家庭環境のせいもあり、まだ15歳だが年齢よりやや大人びた性格。
雨の日の庭園で出会ったユキノに心を開くとともに惹かれていき、彼女のために靴を作る。
ユキノの授業担当クラスではないため彼女とは面識がなく、学校内の事情も知らなかった。
声優の入野は前作『星を追う子ども』に続いて主演を務める。
雪野 百香里（ゆきの ゆかり）【ユキノ】
声 - 花澤香菜
ヒロイン。タカオが雨の庭園で出逢う謎めいた女性。27歳。
タカオの通う高校で古文の教師をしていたが、生徒からの嫌がらせによって退職に追い込まれる。
一時は味覚障害によって酒とチョコレート以外の味を感じなくなってしまうが、タカオとの出会いで次第に味覚を取り戻していく。
退職後は地元である四国へ帰って再び教職に就いており、タカオとは手紙のやり取りをしている。
当初ユキノ役は彼女の設定年齢に合わせて25歳以上という条件でキャスティングを行ったが、最終的には当時23歳の花澤香菜が自ら立候補し演じることとなった。新海曰く花澤の声は「最も印象に幅がありユキノを成り立たせる」ことが起用の理由だという。
なお、漫画版では名前の表記が『由香里』となっている。
次作『君の名は。』では、飛騨の山奥にある糸守町の学校にて同名の教師が登場する。
タカオの母
声 - 平野文
大学職員。夫とは離婚しており、2人の息子と3人で暮らしている。47歳だが若作りで、一回りも年の離れた彼氏がいる。
劇中では2シーンしか登場せず、そのうち一つは絵のみ。回想シーンでは誕生日に家族から靴をプレゼントされていた。
声優の平野は同時上映された『だれかのまなざし』にも出演している。
小説版では秋月 怜美。
秋月 翔太
声 - 前田剛
タカオの兄。26歳。
2歳年下の彼女と同棲を始めるため、タカオと母と暮らしていた家を出る。
劇中では名前は登場せず「タカオの兄」とクレジットされている。
声優の前田は『雲のむこう、約束の場所』『星を追う子ども』に続いて出演。
寺本 梨花
声 - 寺崎裕香
翔太と同棲を始める彼女。24歳。劇中では1シーンしか登場しない。関西出身で気さくな性格。
劇中では名前は登場せず「タカオの兄の彼女」とクレジットされている。
声優の寺崎は『秒速5センチメートル』『星を追う子ども』に続いて出演。
松本
声 - 井上優
タカオの友人。一学年上の佐藤と交際中。タカオとは違うクラスのためユキノの授業を受けており、彼女の事情も知っていた。
佐藤
声 - 潘めぐみ
高校2年生で松本の彼女。人懐っこい性格で友人が多く、学校内の事情に詳しい。
相沢
声 - 小松未可子
高校3年生。いつも取り巻きに囲まれているプライドの高い女子生徒。
自身の恋人がユキノに好意を抱いたことで彼女を恨み、クラスメイトを巻き込んで執拗に嫌がらせをする。
ユキノを退職に追い込んでもなお彼女への私怨は消えず、侮辱するような発言をしたためタカオに頬を叩かれた。
小説版では相澤 祥子。
伊藤 宗一郎
声 - 星野貴紀
タカオの担任の体育教諭。以前ユキノと交際していた。別れてからも電話で近況などを話す仲で、彼女の味覚障害を心配している。
ユキノの退職をサポートするが彼女が嫌がらせを受けている際、彼女の声には耳を傾けず味方をすることもなかった。

※固有の役はないが、新海作品常連の声優・水野理紗は本作でも出演している。

スタッフ

これまでの新海作品とはややスタッフが異なっていて、前作までのメインスタッフだった作画監督の西村貴世は原画のみ、美術監督の丹治匠は美術背景のみで参加し、音楽の天門は参加していない。新海作品で天門以外が音楽を担当するのは自主制作時代を含め初である。

『星を追う子ども』では土屋堅一は作画監督を共同担当、滝口比呂志は美術背景で参加した。

  • 原作・脚本・絵コンテ・演出・監督 - 新海誠
  • 作画監督・キャラクターデザイン - 土屋堅一
  • 脚本協力 - 松田沙也
  • 演出助手 - 大賀まこと
  • 原画 - 岸野美智、細田直人、竹内一義、渡辺裕二、北澤精吾、山本早苗、丸山千絵、林佳織、西村貴世、岩崎たいすけ、土屋堅一
  • 美術監督 - 滝口比呂志
  • 動画検査 - 玉腰悦子、鈴木香理
  • 色彩設計 - 三木陽子、新海誠
  • 色指定検査 - 久力志保
  • 色指定補佐 - 関根里枝子、戸塚千夏
  • 撮影監督 - 新海誠
  • 撮影チーフ - 三田陽子
  • 撮影 - 李周美、福澤瞳
  • 3DCGチーフ - 竹内良貴
  • 3DCGエフェクト - 河合完治
  • 編集 - 新海誠
  • 音響監督・整音 - 山田陽
  • 音響効果 - 森川永子
  • 録音 - 八巻大樹
  • 録音スタジオ - studio don juan
  • キャスティング - 等々力佐和子、新沼愛
  • 音楽 - KASHIWA Daisuke
  • バイオリン - 岡村美央
  • チェロ - 徳澤青弦
  • デジタルラボ - IMAGICA
  • 制作 - コミックス・ウェーブ・フィルム
  • アニメーション制作協力 - アンサー・スタジオ
  • 制作協力 - 三坂知絵子、三澤秀立、倉住薫、大野真
  • タカオデザインの靴 協力 - 壹岐まどか
  • 衣装考証 - 源奈々
  • 衣装協力 - DIANA、FILA、TRANS CONTINENTS、hosoiri works
  • 協力 - 大成建設、Z会、野村不動産、マルマン、理論社、新潮社、講談社、岩波書店
  • 特別協力 - バランスエンタテインメント
  • 配給 - 東宝映像事業部
  • ポスターイラスト - 四宮義俊
  • サンクス - 渡辺季子、加納新太、関口靖彦、阿部佐保子、宍倉立哉、川村豊、石井ゆかり、大橋貢、齋藤裕二、マサル、小荒田朋子、村岡敬介、加賀見紀行、片桐美奈子
  • スペシャルサンクス - 山内章弘、古澤佳寛、太布尚弘、孫泰蔵、國枝信吾、玄沙愛
  • プロデューサー - 川口典孝、 伊藤耕一郎
  • 製作・著作 - コミックス・ウェーブ・フィルム、新海クリエイティブ

音楽

イメージソング
「言ノ葉」
作詞・作曲・編曲・歌：秦基博[12]
秦基博が本作のために書き下ろした新曲。CDジャケットは新海が手掛けている。本編劇中では使用されない。
「言ノ葉」Music Video（-Makoto Shinkai / Director's Cut-）
ミュージック・ビデオ。新海が監督し、本編映像からの再編集だけでなくこのMVのために描かれた新規カットも含まれる。「言ノ葉」初回盤CDの購入者の中から抽選で528名に贈られた（受け付けは終了）。8月28日よりiTunesなどで販売開始。
エンディングテーマ
「Rain」
作詞・作曲：大江千里 / 編曲：皆川真人 / 歌：秦基博[12]
大江千里のカバー曲。エンディングで使用されたLong Ver.の編曲は皆川真人と多田彰文が共同で行っている。
BGM
「Swan Song」
作曲・編曲：KASHIWA Daisuke
KASHIWA Daisukeのアルバム『88』より使用された。

関連出版

小説版

『ダ・ヴィンチ』2013年8月号から2014年4月号まで連載された小説版の単行本。映画版では描かれなかった登場人物達の過去や心情を描いた内容となっていて、僅かしか登場しなかったキャラクターにも大きく焦点が当てられている。単行本化に伴い書き下ろしも追加されている。また2018年11月6日から小説版をオーディオブック化したAudible版が配信されている。朗読は入野自由、花澤香菜、前田剛、星野貴紀、小松未可子、平野文の計6名がそれぞれのキャラクターを担当しており、各話ごとに区切った分冊版も配信されている[13]。

画集 ほか

テレビ放送

回数テレビ局放送日放送時間放送分数視聴率備考
1WOWOWプライム2014年8月17日15:30 - 16:3060分テレビ初放送。
以降数回放送あり[14]。
２NHK BSプレミアム2016年3月25日23:45 - 24:3348分[15]
３毎日放送2016年8月22日26:40 - 27:3555分映画『君の名は。』公開記念特番として、地上波ノーカット放送。
また、神木隆之介をナビゲーターに迎えて放送した[16]。
地域によって放送時間が異なり、詳細は後述。
４テレビ朝日2017年3月3日27:25 - 28:1550分1.0%新海誠監督特集 第1弾として放送。
関東地区では地上波初放送であり、関東地区のみでの放送。
５2017年7月8日24:05 - 25:0055分2.8%新海誠特集として放送。
関東地区のみでの放送。
６2018年1月2日25:05 - 28:001.5%「君の名は。」が地上波初放送されるのを記念して、「雲のむこう、約束の場所」とともに放送[17]。
関東地区のみでの放送。
72019年7月11日26:44 - 27:34「天気の子」が劇場公開されるのを記念して放送。
関東地区のみでの放送。
8日本テレビ2022年10月24日25:59 - 28:00『秒速5センチメートル』と2本立てで放送。後半に放送。
9フジテレビ2025年10月31日24:45 - 25:4560分実写映画『秒速5センチメートル』の公開記念。
  • 視聴率はビデオリサーチ調べ、関東地区・世帯・リアルタイム。

映画『君の名は。』公開記念特番

放送対象地域放送局系列放送日放送日時
福島県福島放送テレビ朝日系列2016年8月12日10:43 -
広島県中国放送TBS系列24:55 -
秋田県秋田朝日放送テレビ朝日系列2016年8月15日14:00 -
岩手県岩手朝日テレビ2016年8月16日14:30 -
福井県福井放送日本テレビ・テレビ朝日系列2016年8月17日9:55 -
大分県テレビ大分日本テレビ・フジテレビ系列2016年8月18日9:50 -
岡山県・香川県山陽放送TBS系列25:35 -
宮城県ミヤギテレビ日本テレビ系列25:49 -
静岡県テレビ静岡フジテレビ系列26:15 -
山口県テレビ山口TBS系列2016年8月19日15:46 -
長野県テレビ信州日本テレビ系列2016年8月20日15:30 -
北海道北海道テレビテレビ朝日系列25:25 -
宮崎県テレビ宮崎フジテレビ系列26:05 -
石川県テレビ金沢日本テレビ系列2016年8月21日26:53 -
福岡県テレビ西日本フジテレビ系列25:40 -
鳥取県・島根県山陰放送TBS系列2016年8月22日13:55 -
愛媛県あいテレビ
高知県テレビ高知25:54 -
近畿広域圏毎日放送26:40 -
富山県北日本放送日本テレビ系列2016年8月23日9:30 -
沖縄県沖縄テレビフジテレビ系列2016年8月24日15:53 -
青森県青森放送日本テレビ系列2016年8月25日10:30 -
中京広域圏中京テレビ26:12 -
鹿児島県鹿児島讀賣テレビ26:17 -
山形県さくらんぼテレビフジテレビ系列2016年8月26日14:55 -
長崎県テレビ長崎25:35 -
新潟県テレビ新潟日本テレビ系列2016年8月27日10:30 -
熊本県くまもと県民テレビ15:00 -

舞台版

ロンドン公演

2023年8月10日から9月9日まで、『The Garden of Words』のタイトルでPark Theatreで上演された[18]。

キャスト

東京公演

2023年11月10日から19日まで舞台『言の葉の庭～The Garden of Words～』が品川プリンスホテル ステラボールで上演された[20]。
キャスト
スタッフ
  • 原作 - 劇場アニメーション『言の葉の庭』（監督：新海誠）、『小説 言の葉の庭』（著者：新海誠）[21]
  • 翻案・演出 - アレクサンドラ・ラター（Whole Hog Theatre）[21]
  • 共同翻案 - スーザン・もも子・ヒングリー[21]
  • 美術 - 松生紘子[21]
  • パペットデザイン - Mikayla Teodoro [21]
  • 照明 - 吉枝康幸[21]
  • 音楽 - Mark Choi[21]
  • 音響 - 加藤温[21]
  • 映像 - KENNY[21]
  • 衣裳 - 及川千春（とわづくり）[21]
  • ヘアメイク - 大宝みゆき[21]
  • ステージング - 崎山莉奈[21]
  • 演出助手 - 渡邉さつき[21]
  • 舞台監督 - 津江健太、山添賀容子[21]
  • 通訳 - 門田美和[21]
  • 宣伝美術 - 岡垣吏紗[21]
  • 宣伝写真 - 中村理生[21]
  • 票券 - Mitt [21]
  • 企画協力 - appare[21]
  • 制作 - ゴーチ・ブラザーズ[21]
  • 主催・企画製作 - ネルケプランニング[21]

関連項目

  • 『Handmade SHOES FOR MEN』 - ユキノがタカオに贈った靴の本。
    著：VASS László / MOLNÁR Magda
    2008年2月20日 Ullmann Publishing出版 / ISBN 978-3833160455
劇中で登場した本は海外の原本であり、すべて英語で書かれている。2018年には以下のタイトルで日本向けに翻訳された書籍が出版された。
『紳士靴のすべて』
著：ラズロ・ヴァーシュ/マグダ・モルナール, 監修：山口千尋, 翻訳：和田侑子
2018年8月8日 グラフィック社 / ISBN 978-4766131222
  • 『君の名は。』 - 新海誠の次作。ユキノが、主人公三葉の学校で古典教師としてユキちゃん先生の名前で登場する。声の出演は同じく花澤香菜。他にも勅使河原克彦や名取早耶香など「言の葉の庭」では小説版でのみの登場だった人物が登場。時間や場所において矛盾も多いが、ファンからの指摘に新海監督は「テッシーとサヤちんの造形は、おっしゃる通り拙作『小説 言の葉の庭』７話からの発想でした。『君の名は。』と『言の葉の庭』の間に大きなジャンプがあるとのご意見もよくいただきますが、僕としては『小説 言の葉の庭』がその間をつないでいます。」とTwitterで発言している。また監督のTwitterによると孝雄も少しだけ登場している。また、本作のブルーレイディスクが販売された辺りから、田中将賀がツイッターで本作を大絶賛し、以後、新海の製作するアニメＣＭのキャラクターデザインを務め始める事になる。

脚注

出典

  1. “言の葉の庭”. 映画.com. 2013年3月14日閲覧。
  2. “新海誠、原作・脚本・監督作『言の葉の庭』BD/DVD発売”. TOWER RECORDS ONLINE (2013年3月8日). 2013年3月14日閲覧。
  3. “新海誠監督の映画『言の葉の庭』（5月31日公開）に倉住薫氏（大妻女子大学）が協力”. 笠間書院 (2013年5月27日). 2015年3月17日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2023年10月12日閲覧。
  4. “新海誠監督「3人目のキャラクターは雨」 新作『言の葉の庭』に込めた想い”. ORICON STYLE (2013年3月8日). 2013年6月1日閲覧。
  5. “新海誠監督の短編『だれかのまなざし』 新作映画と同時上映”. ORICON STYLE (2013年3月8日). 2013年6月1日閲覧。
  6. “Other voices-遠い声- » プラウドフューチャーシアター「だれかのまなざし」”. 新海誠 (2013年2月19日). 2013年2月27日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2016年8月31日閲覧。
  7. “新海誠監督「言の葉の庭」観客動員10万人突破で続映も決定”. 映画.com (2013年7月3日). 2013年7月3日閲覧。
  8. “新海誠特集「言の葉の庭」「秒速5センチメートル」”. テレビ朝日. 2017年3月5日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2017年3月4日閲覧。
  9. “新海誠特集｜テレビ朝日”. テレビ朝日. 2018年2月10日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2018年1月4日閲覧。
  10. “「ダイアローグへと歩み出すこと」――『言の葉の庭』新海誠監督インタビュー（後編）”. AniFav (2013年5月16日). 2013年11月28日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2013年6月26日閲覧。
  11. “新海誠監督「言の葉の庭」が舞台化、イギリスと日本の異なるカンパニーが制作”. コミックナタリー. ナターシャ. 2023年5月31日. 2023年7月2日閲覧.
  12. “秦基博、新海誠の新作「言の葉の庭」EDで大江千里カバー”. 音楽ナタリー. ナターシャ (2013年2月21日). 2013年3月14日閲覧。
  13. “「新海誠作品オーディオブック プロジェクト」特設ページ”. Amazon.co.jp. 2018年12月18日閲覧。
  14. “ＷＯＷＯＷにてテレビ初登場！”. 映画「言の葉の庭」公式サイト (2014年7月31日). 2022年10月14日閲覧。
  15. “新海誠「秒速5センチメートル」「ほしのこえ」「言の葉の庭」放送、今日から3週連続”. 映画ナタリー. ナターシャ. 2016年3月8日. 2022年10月14日閲覧.
  16. “映画『君の名は。』公開記念特番 新海誠、この才能に日本中が恋をする”. 映画「君の名は。」公式サイト. 2022年10月14日閲覧。
  17. “「秒速5センチメートル」「言の葉の庭」など新海誠の監督作が正月三が日に連日放映”. 映画ナタリー. ナターシャ. 2017年12月31日. 2022年10月14日閲覧.
  18. “舞台『言の葉の庭〜The Garden of Words〜』東京公演のメインビジュアルを公開！演出アレクサンドラ・ラターからのメッセージと日本キャストの岡宮来夢・谷村美月からコメント動画”. ローチケ演劇宣言！. ローソンエンタテインメント (2023年8月24日). 2024年1月13日閲覧。
  19. “The Garden of Words”. Park Theatre. 2024年1月13日閲覧。
  20. “雨音に誘われてあの公園へ…岡宮来夢・谷村美月らが紡ぐ『言の葉の庭』開幕”. ステージナタリー. ナターシャ (2023年11月10日). 2024年1月13日閲覧。
  21. “キャスト&スタッフ”. 舞台『言の葉の庭～The Garden of Words～』日本公式サイト. 2024年1月13日閲覧。

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